Question

There are some organelles in an animal cell that are not present in the plant cell. These organelles play
an important role in proper functioning of the animal body. Explain four important organelles of the
animal cell.​

Answer 1

Answer:

centrosome and lysosome

Explanation:

Centrosome

The centrosome is a microtubule-organizing center found near the nuclei of animal cells. It contains a pair of centrioles, two structures that lie perpendicular to each other . Each centriole is a cylinder of nine triplets of microtubules.

The centrosome (the organelle where all microtubules originate) replicates itself before a cell divides, and the centrioles appear to have some role in pulling the duplicated chromosomes to opposite ends of the dividing cell. However, the exact function of the centrioles in cell division isn’t clear, because cells that have had the centrosome removed can still divide, and plant cells, which lack centrosomes, are capable of cell division.

lysosome

In addition to their role as the digestive component and organelle-recycling facility of animal cells, lysosomes are considered to be parts of the endomembrane system.

Lysosomes also use their hydrolytic enzymes to destroy pathogens (disease-causing organisms) that might enter the cell. A good example of this occurs in a group of white blood cells called macrophages, which are part of your body’s immune system. In a process known as phagocytosis or endocytosis, a section of the plasma membrane of the macrophage invaginates (folds in) and engulfs a pathogen. The invaginated section, with the pathogen inside, then pinches itself off from the plasma membrane and becomes a vesicle. The vesicle fuses with a lysosome. The lysosome’s hydrolytic enzymes then destroy the pathogen

Answer 2

Cell organelles - Cell organelles are living sub cellular structures. These are responsible in different metabolic processes like biosynthesis, locomotion, movements secretion, digestion, energy production etc.

Golgi apparatus -

• It is also responsible in the formation of lysosomes.
• It forms the acrosome of sperm.
• Golgi apparatus is formed by Cisternae and vacuoles and vesicles.

Endoplacmic Reticulum -

• It is present in every cell except prokaryotes and mammalian RBCs.
• SER plays an important role in the manufacturing of lipids and fat.
• RER synthesizes proteins with the help of ribosomes.

Mitochondria -

• Mitochondria has its own DNA and 70S ribosomes.
• Mitochondria have it's own DNA and 70S ribosomes.
• It is a site of synthesis of energy in the form of ATP molecules.

Lysosomes -

• These are involved in autolysis and self digestion of cell.
• They also digest the engulfed dead cells so they act as a garbage disposal system of they cell.
• Lysosomes occur in four forms named as polymorphic organelles.