Question

Three charges -q, Q and -q are placed
respectively at equal distances on a straight line.
If the potential energy of the system of three
charges is zero, then what is the ratio of Q:q?
​

Answer 1

Explanation:

i have considered the distance between two charges to be R. After writing the potential energy of the system we get the ratio as 1:4.

Answer 2

ratio of charge Q : q = 1 : 4.

let distance between -q and Q is r.

a/c to question, -q , Q and -q are placed respectively at equal distance on a straight line.

-q .......r....... Q .......r......-q

total potential energy of system = potential energy of -q and Q + potential energy of Q and -q + potential energy of -q and -q

⇒0 = k(-q)Q/r + kQ(-q)/r + k(-q)(-q)/2r

⇒0 = -kqQ/r - kqQ/r + kq²/2r

⇒0 = -2Q/1 + q/2

⇒2Q = q/2

⇒Q/q = 1/4

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