Question

To detect which poisonous gas, should Emission Test be conducted for vehicles

which use liquefied petroleum gas?​

Answer 1

Answer:

Propane Fuel Basics. Also known as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or propane autogas, propane is a clean-burning alternative fuel that's been used for decades to power light-, medium-, and heavy-duty propane vehicles. Propane is a three-carbon alkane gas (C3H8).

Explanation:

Testing methods for exhaust toxic emissions

from vehicles in Poland

J. Merkisz1

& W. Gis2

1

Institute of Combustion Engines and Transport,

Poznań University of Technology, Poland

2

Motor Transport Institute, Warsaw, Poland

Abstract

This paper presents regulations and testing methods of exhaust emissions of

toxic components from vehicles particularly with respect to testing methods

under real traffic conditions. The testing methods in Poland refer to American

methodology, which is the most advanced in terms of technology.

The paper presents comparative tests of the exhaust emission of toxic

components (CO, CO2, THC, NOx) from engines on a test bed with the use of

modern testing apparatus for the examinations of emissions under real traffic

conditions (on-vehicle testing).

Keywords: real traffic conditions, emissions.

1 European regulations and testing methods

In Europe, legal regulations determine emission values of the exhaust toxic

components: carbon monoxide CO, unburned hydrocarbons HC and

hydrocarbons released through evaporation (VOC – Volatile Organic

Compound), nitrogen oxides NOx, and also PM released with the exhaust gases.

The emission of harmful substances from vehicles is tested on the chassis

dynamometer and sole combustion engines on engine test beds. Due to the high

cost of the test equipment and complexity of the tests, it is possible to use one

measuring system for both types of testing. Basic EU Directives and UN-ECE

Regulations contain rules on conducting the aforementioned tests together with

the regulations for the measuring equipment.

In the beginning of 2005 in Europe a new set of regulations was introduced,

concerning emissions from the M1 and N1 category vehicles. They are called

Euro IV and Euro V. The test was done using the NEDC test (Fig. 1) [1–3].