Question

to explain hybridisation of H2so4​

Answer 1

Explanation:

central atom has hybridization state sp2. One bond here is normal covalent bond and another bond is dative: an electron pair is donated onto vacant orbital of O atom with all electrons paired. in H2SO4 molecule to bonds are simple covalent (S−OH ones) and two are dative (S−O ones).

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Answer 2

Explanation:

The hybridization is of the orbitals in the outermost (valence) shell of the multivalent central atom of a compound or group and not of a compound like sulphuric acid. However, in sulphuric acid, we can consider the hybridization of sulphur valence orbitals. Its electronic configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4. The one 3s orbital and three 3p orbitals combine resulting in four sp3 hybrid orbitals which are directed towards the four corners of a tetrahedron (tetra = 4, hedron = side, base, face) exactly like in in the case of carbon where 2s and 2p orbitals combine. So, the sulphate ion SO4^2- is of tetrahedral structure.

Though the two oxygen atoms are shown to carry one negative charge each, the charge is distributed over all the four oxygen atoms through four resonance structures.