Total essay in India
Answers
ndia is my country and I proud to be an Indian. It ranks as the seventh largest country of the world as well as second most populated country of the world. It is also known as Bharat, Hindustan and Aryavart. It is a peninsula means surrounded by oceans from three sides such as Bay of Bengal in east, Arabian Sea in west and Indian Ocean in south. The national animal of India is tiger, national bird is peacock, national flower is lotus and national fruit is mango. The flag of India has tricolor, saffron means purity (the uppermost), white means peace (the middle one having an Ashok Chakra) and green means fertility (the lowest one). Ashok Chakra contains equally divided 24 spokes. The national anthem of India is “Jana Gana Mana”, the national song is “Vande Mataram” and national sport is Hockey.
India is a country where people speak many languages and people of different castes, creeds, religions and cultures live together. That’s why India is famous for common saying of “unity in diversity”. It is well known as the land of spirituality, philosophy, science and technology. People of various religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Islam, Christianity and Judaism lives here together from the ancient time. It is famous country for its agriculture and farming which are the backbones of it from the ancient time. It uses it own produced food grains and fruits. It is a famous tourist’s paradise because it attracts people’s mind from all over the world. It is rich in monuments, tombs, churches, historical buildings, temples, museums, scenic beauty, wild life sanctuaries, places of architecture, etc are the source of revenue to it.
It is the place where Taj Mahal, Fatehpur Sikri, golden temple, Qutab Minar, Red Fort, Ooty, Nilgiris, Kashmir, Kajuraho, Ajanta and Ellora caves, etc wonders exist. It is the country of great rivers, mountains, valleys, lakes and oceans. The national language of India is Hindi. It is a country where 29 states and UTs. It has 28 states which again have many small villages. It is a chief agricultural country famous for producing sugarcane, cotton, jute, rice, wheat, cereals etc crops. It is a country where great leaders (Shivaji, Gandhiji, Nehru, Dr. Ambedkar, etc), great scientists (Dr. Jagadeeshchandra Bose, Dr Homi Bhabha, Dr. C. V Raman, Dr. Naralikar, etc) and great reformers (Mother Teresa, Pandurangashastri Alhavale, T. N. Sheshan) took birth. It is a country where diversity exists with strong unity and peace.
In mid-1982 India’s population crossed the 700 million mark. In this way, it became only second to China in the matter of population. India’s total numbers constitute 15 per cent of the total world population.
Population in India increase by 15 million each year. Some experts believe that the number has already crossed 810 million in 1986. We have a fairly high fertility and moderate mortality rate. The birth rate is around 33 and death rate around 12 per thousand.
Infant mortality rate is 104 per thousand live births.
Our population since 1961 has been increasing at an average annual rate of over two per cent. There has been only a moderate decline in birth rate over this period.
In the decade between 1961-1971 she added more than 100 million (109.1). During 1971-81 the population increased by 135 million. During 1981-91 the population increased by 163 millions.
What about the future growth of India’s population? In India, about 36 per cent of the population is under-fifteen. It means this group will enter the child-bearing years in the next two decades.
Thus India may touch a billion by 2000 A.D. India’s population is currently estimated at well over 950 million. It is estimated that by 2050 A.D. our population would be around 1,300 million.
What are reasons for this runaway growth? A major reason is slow but steady decline in the nation’s death rate. The infant death rate had been very high for many decades. Even today, despite maternal and child health services offered by both central and state governments, the rate is more than 120 per 1000 live births.
The birth rate was around 40-41 per 1,000 births when India became independent in 1947. This was not high as far as birth rates in the Third World went.
During the last three and a half decades because of the large- scale family planning efforts of the Government of India, the birth rate decreased to 35-36 per 1,000.
India’s objective is to over the birth rate to 25 per 1,000 as soon as possible. This can be possible if people do not consider family planning programmers as only a government programme but come forward willingly to cooperate in the matter.
China is another country which is making massive efforts to control population. As against India’s slogan of “Hum Do-Hamare Do” China’s policy-One child is ideal, two are tolerable, but three will bring harsh penalties to the parents.
So serious are the Chinese authorities about promoting one-child families that they are backing up their slogans with huge financial rewards.
The growing population is posing a great threat to the world. It is therefore, necessary that effective steps are taken to control population.
So serious has the problem of population become that population is being introduced as a subject of study in schools.
Ill Effects of Growing Population:
The results of the 1981 census shocked the nation. In just 50 years after Independence our population doubled from 340 million in 1947 to 684 millions in 1981 and now 846 millions in 1991.
At this rate of growth our population is likely to double again after 31 years or so. It would, then be impossible task to satisfy the minimum needs of the people.
The rapid growth of population has very effect on the economy, food, housing, education, health and unemployment problems of the nation. Unless the production rate is much faster than the birth rate, the country will fall short of food.
The economy of the country will go on receiving setbacks with the rapid, growth of population. The prices would rise further if the food and other production is not proportionate.
When the population grows, there are more people and all of them need houses to live in. Thus the housing problem also becomes more acute.
Similarly, in the field of education also, the growing population has an adverse impact. Government would not be able to spend the required amount of money on education and a large number of people will remain illiterate.
Health is of utmost concern to all citizens. In a poor country like India there is already a great shortage of medical facilities. But with the growing population these facilities will further fall short.
More people would not be able to get even basic health care. People will not be able of afford nutritious food and their health would deteriorate. They would suffer and die untimely deaths.
There is already large scale unemployment in the country and with the growth in the population there is bound to be more demand for employment. The situation will be worst. We must, therefore, check the growing population.