trace the history of Meghalaya briefly in 2000 to 4000 words
Answers
Answer:
Meghalaya (UK: /meɪˈɡɑːləjə/,[4] US: /ˌmeɪɡəˈleɪə/)[5] (meaning "abode of clouds"; from Sanskrit megha, “cloud” + ā-laya, “abode”) is a state in Northeast India. Meghalaya was formed by carving out two districts from the state of Assam: the United Khasi Hills and Jaintia Hills, and the Garo Hills on 21 January 1972.[6] The population of Meghalaya as of 2016 is estimated to be 3,211,474.[7] Meghalaya covers an area of approximately 22,430 square kilometres, with a length-to-breadth ratio of about 3:1.[8]
Meghalaya
State
Noakalikai falls 1480244029215.jpg
Khrangsuri waterfall, Meghalaya 01.jpg Tawny-Breasted Wren-Babbler (Spelaeornis longicaudatus).jpg
Dawki River, Meghalaya, India.jpg
Clockwise from top:Noakalikai Falls, Tawny Breasted Wren, Dawki River, Khrangsuri waterfall
Official seal of Meghalaya
Seal
IN-ML.svg
Coordinates (Shillong): 25.57°N 91.88°E
Country
India
Formation
21 January 1972†
Capital
Shillong
Largest city
Shillong
Districts
11
Government
• Governor
Satya Pal Malik[1]
• Chief Minister
Conrad Sangma (NPP)
• Legislature
Unicameral (60 seats)
• Parliamentary constituency
Rajya Sabha 1
Lok Sabha 2
• High Court
Meghalaya High Court
Area
• Total
22,429 km2 (8,660 sq mi)
Area rank
22nd
Population (2011 census ]
Explanation:
Meghalaya (UK: /meɪˈɡɑːləjə/, US: /ˌmeɪɡəˈleɪə/) (meaning "abode of clouds"; from Sanskrit megha, “cloud” + ā-laya, “abode”) is a state in Northeast India. Meghalaya was formed by carving out two districts from the state of Assam: the United Khasi Hills and Jaintia Hills, and the Garo Hills on 21 January 1972. The population of Meghalaya as of 2016 is estimated to be 3,211,474.Meghalaya covers an area of approximately 22,430 square kilometres, with a length-to-breadth ratio of about 3:1.
The state is the wettest region of India, with the wettest areas in the southern Khasi Hills recording an average of 12,000 mm (470 in) of rain a year.About 70 percent of the state is forested.The Meghalaya subtropical forests ecoregion encompasses the state; its mountain forests are distinct from the lowland tropical forests to the north and south. The forests are notable for their biodiversity of mammals, birds, and plants.
Meghalaya has predominantly an agrarian economy with a significant commercial forestry industry. The important crops are potatoes, rice, maize, pineapples, bananas, papayas, spices, etc. The service sector is made up of real estate and insurance companies. Meghalaya's gross state domestic product for 2012 was estimated at ₹16,173 crore (US$2.3 billion) in current prices.The state is geologically rich in minerals, but it has no significant industries.The state has about 1,170 km (730 mi) of national highways. It is also a major
Ancient History
Meghalaya, alongside neighbouring Indian states, has been of archaeological interest. People have lived in Meghalaya since the Neolithic. Neolithic sites discovered so far are located in areas of high elevation in Khasi Hills, Garo Hills and in neighbouring states, where Neolithic style jhum or shifting cultivation is practised even today. The highland plateaus fed by abundant rains provided safety from floods and a rich soil. The importance of Meghalaya is its possible role in human history via domestication of rice. One of the competing theories for the origin of rice comes from Ian Glover, who states, "India is the center of greatest diversity of domesticated rice with over 20,000 identified species and Northeast India is the most favorable single area of the origin of domesticated rice." The limited archaeology done in the hills of Meghalaya suggest human settlement since ancient times.
After the Conquest of Taraf in 1304, Shah Arifin Rafiuddin, a disciple of Shah Jalal, migrated and settled in the Khasi and Jaintia Hills where he preached Islam to the local people. His khanqah remains in Sarping/Laurergarh on the Bangladeshi border but the part containing his mazar is in Meghalaya on top of Laur Hill.
Modern history
The British discovery of Camellia sinensis in 1834 in Assam and later companies to renting land from 1839 onwards.
The Khasi, Garo, and Jaintia tribes had their own kingdoms until they came under British administration in the 19th century. Later, the British incorporated Meghalaya into Assam in 1835. The region enjoyed semi-independent status by virtue of a treaty relationship with the British Crown. When Bengal was partitioned on 16 October 1905 by Lord Curzon, Meghalaya became a part of the new province of Eastern Bengal and Assam. However, when the partition was reversed in 1912, Meghalaya became a part of the province of Assam. On 3 January 1921 in pursuance of Section 52A of the Government of India Act of 1919, the governor-general-in-council declared the areas now in Meghalaya, other than the Khasi states, as "backward tracts." Subsequently, the British administration enacted the Government of India Act 1935, which regrouped the backward tracts into two categories: "excluded" and "partially excluded" areas.
At the time of Indian independence in 1947, present-day Meghalaya constituted two districts of Assam and enjoyed limited autonomy within the state of Assam. A movement for a separate Hill State began in 1960. On 11 September 1968 the Government of India announced a scheme for constituting an autonomous state within the state of Assam comprising certain areas specified in Part A of the table appended to paragraph 20 of the Sixth Schedule to the Constitution. Accordingly, the Assam Reorganisation (Meghalaya) Act of 1969 was enacted for the formation of an autonomous state. Meghalaya was formed by carving out two districts from the state of Assam: the United Khasi Hills and Jaintia Hills, and the Garo Hills.The name 'Meghalaya' coined by geographer S.P. Chatterjee in 1936 was proposed and accepted for the new state.The Act came into effect on 2 April 1970, with the autonomous state having a 37-member legislature in accordance with the Sixth Schedule to the Indian constitution.
In 1971, the Parliament passed the North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971, which conferred full statehood on the autonomous state of Meghalaya. Meghalaya attained statehood on 21 January 1972, with a Legislative Assembly of its own.