Two point charges 3 micro coulomb and - 8 micro coulomb repel each other with a force of 40 N. If a charge of -5 micro coulomb is added to each of them, then the force between them will become
Answers
It’s basically because each individual charge acts on all other individual charges, and electrical charge is additive.
Let’s say that one object contains 3 electrons that aren’t balanced by an equal number of protons. It has a net charge of -3 in elementary charge units. Another object has 4 electrons that aren’t balanced. It has a net charge of -4.
Each electron in the first object repels each electron in the second object.
Take one of these electrons in the first object. It repels equally (assuming electrons are close together within an object) all four electrons in the second object. The next electron also repels equally all four electrons in the second object. Same with the last of the three electrons.
That’s a total of 4 + 4 + 4 = 12 equal repulsions. If one electron repelling another at the distance between the two objects produces 1 unit of force, it follows from the above that 3 electrons repelling 4 electrons at the same distance produces 12 units of force. That comes from 3 (electrons) x 4 (electrons).
This scales for any number of charges in each object.
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