Question

types of hereditary disorders

Answer 1

heredity can be defined as inheritance or transmission of characters from one generation to next generation

Answer 2

ANSWER:

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SOME HEREDITARY DISEASES ARE AS FOLLOWS :

A. Haemophilia is a X-linked recessive genetic disorder that occurs due to deficiency of clotting factors in the blood and therefore, there is no formation of clot at the site of wound. 
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B. Sickle cell anaemia is a autosomal recessive genetic disorder in which red blood cells become sickle shaped and this causes oxygen tension in the body.
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C. Colour blindness is a X-linked genetic disorder in which there is inability to distinguish colours due to defect in cones (photoreceptor cells associated with daylight vision and colour vision).
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D. Phenylketonuria is a rare inherited disorder that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in the body. PKU is caused by a defect in the gene that helps create the enzyme needed to break down phenylalanine.

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Let me tell you something about hereditary and and the mechanism of hereditary changes.
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Heredity can be defined as the process of transmission of the characters from the parents to the offspring through the mode of reproduction.

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Hereditary changes can occur due to following changes:
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Natural Selection- One allele is fixed for the population as it provides a survival advantage.

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Genetic Drift- Sudden change in a small population due to which genetic variability is reduced.
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Mutations- Sudden and inheritable changes in the genetic material that gives rise to a new allele.
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Recombination- When the crossing over occurs during meiosis, the sequence of alleles changes on the chromosomes.
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