Using Newton's universal law of gravitation & second law of motion, find the mathematical expression for acceleration due to gravity on the surface of any planet?
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Let the mass of the body be m, and the mass of the Earth be M, and the distance between the center of the body and the center of the Earth be r.
Now, As per as the Newton's law of the Gravitation,
F = GMm/r²
Now, As per as Newton's second law of the Motion,
F = mg.
Now, Since both are equal, therefore,
GMm/r² = mg
⇒ g = GM/r²
This is the Required Mathematical Expression for the Acceleration due to the gravity.
Hope it helps.
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