Question

(v) According to Ashoka, where should the only
pleasure of kings come from?
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Answer 1

Answer:

The word Dhamma is the Prakrit form of the Sanskrit word Dharma.[4][5][6] There have been attempts to define and find equivalent English words for it, such as "piety", "moral life" and "righteousness" or "duty" but scholars could not translate it into English because it was coined and used in a specific context. The word Dharma has multiple meanings in the literature and thought of ancient India. The best way to understand what Ashoka means by Dharma is to read his edicts, which were written to explain the principles of Dharma to the people of that time throughout the empire.[7][8][9]

Dharma was not a particular religious faith or practice, or an arbitrary formulated royal policy.[10] Dharma related to generalized norms of social behavior and activities; Ashoka tried to synthesize various social norms which were current in his time. It cannot be understood by assuming it is one of the various religions that existed at that time. To understand why and how Ashoka formulated Dharma and its meaning, one must understand the characteristics of the time in which he lived and to refer to Buddhist, Brahmanical and other texts where norms of social behavior are explained.[11][12]

Some historians link Ashoka’s policy of Dhamma with Buddhism. According to V.A. Smith,[13] Ashoka actually became a Buddhist monk for a short span of his life. V.A Smith believes that he was both a monk and a monarch at the same time. D.R. Bhandarkar[14] claims that Ashoka was a Buddhist and his policy of dhamma was actually original Buddhism as preached by the Buddha. Radha Kumud Mookerji also formulates that as far as the personal religion of Ashoka is concerned, it may be taken as Buddhism.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Ashoka's Dhamma was based on the unifying principles of all major religions of the world. It is described as a 'Moral Law', 'a common code of conduct or an 'Ethical order'. Which is common meeting ground of all religions.

As per Ashoka, the King's main duty is to rule efficiently and look after his people the way a parent would look after their children. For further reading check the following articles: Ashoka Edicts. Mauryan Empire

• Principles of Ashoka's Dhamma
• i) Respect to elders and love to children.
• ii) Ahimsa or non-violence.
• iii) Good deeds would give happiness to man in the next birth.
• iv) He taught people to respect all religions.

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