Question

Various classes and Groups of Indians participated in the civil disobedience movement for different reasons. Choose any four classes and explain their region to participate in the movement.

Answer 1

Answer:- The contribution of the various social groups in the civil disobedience movement are:-

1. Rich peasants:

Being producers of commercial crops, they were very hard hit by the trade depression and falling prices. As the government refused to reduce revenue demands, they in great numbers participated in the boycott programmes. For them, the fight for Swaraj was a struggle against high revenues.

2. Women:

The women participated in protest matches, manufactured salt and picketed foreign cloth and liquor shops. Many went to jail. They began to see service to the nation as a scared duty of women.

3. Business class:

A large number of merchants and industrialists supported this movement. They reacted against colonial policies that restricted their business activities. They wanted protection against imports of foreign goods.

4. The industrial working class:

The industrial working class did not participate in the civil disobedience movement in large number except in Nagpur. They selectively adopted some of the ideas of Gandhian programme like by Court of foreign goods, as part of their own movements against low wages and poor working conditions.

Answer 2

Answer:

Following are some of the factors that led different socioeconomic classes and groups to join the civil disobedience movement:

i. Rich peasants and Poor peasants

ii. Business class

iii. Industrial working-class

iv. Women

Explanation:

i. Rich peasants and Poor peasants:

• Rich peasant populations, such as the Patidar of Gujarat and the jats of Uttar Pradesh, joined the movement because they were heavily impacted by the trade depression and declining prices as producers of commercial crops. They fought against high revenues since the government wouldn't lower the revenue demand.

• Rent-paying difficulties led some poor peasants to join the movement. They demanded that the landlord receive their outstanding rent.

ii. Business class:

They responded to colonial rules that restricted activity because they desired protection from foreign product imports since they were eager to expand their business. They believed that Swaraj would abolish colonial trade restraints, allowing trade to grow freely.

iii. Industrial working-class:

Other than in the Nagpur region, they did not engage in great numbers. Some workers did take part, adopting portions of the Gandhian program, such as the boycott of imported goods, to further their own campaigns against low pay and unfavorable working conditions.

iv. Women:

Women participated in the movement in great numbers. They produced salt, took part in protest marches, and protested foreign clothing and alcohol stores. Many were locked up.

#SPJ2