Physics, asked by Such4566, 1 year ago

Various factors to be considered for locating atomic power plant


sankuchakra0: Various factors to be considered for locating atomic power plant

Answers

Answered by adrija99
2

:-A nuclear power plant is allowed to operate only if adequate measures to prevent

accidents are in place. Nevertheless, if an accident occurs, it is necessary to be able to limit its

escalation and to mitigate the consequences, particularly with regard to the release of

radioactive materials, to reduce the potential exposure of the public and of plant personnel. A

low probability of accidents with potentially severe consequences must be demonstrated

through safety assessments, safety research, sound design, high quality construction, good

operating practices and procedures, proper staff selection and training, etc. Appropriate

reviews and assessments should be conducted by the regulatory body.

To provide support at the international level, the IAEA has published fundamental

safety concepts as well as Codes and Safety Guides as part of its Nuclear Safety Standards

(NUSS) programme. It is important that only one organization, the owner/operator, has

primary responsibility for the safety of a plant. As a prerequisite for obtaining an operating

license the owner/operator must accept this responsibility, which cannot be shared either with

the plant designer or constructor or with the authority which regulates safety in the country.

3.1.1. Defense in depth

A publication of the International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group (INSAG) entitled

Basic Safety Principles for Nuclear Power Plants discusses the need for a defense in depth

concept centered on several levels of protection, including successive barriers to prevent the

release of radioactive materials to the environment. The objectives are:

- To compensate for potential human and component failures,

- To maintain the effectiveness of the barriers by averting damage to the plant and to the

barriers themselves,

- To protect the public and the environment from harm in the event that these barriers are

not fully effective.

INSAG has further developed requirements for a defense in depth strategy in a more

recent publication. In this strategy, accident prevention is the first priority. However, if

preventive measures fail, mitigating measures, in particular a well designed confinement

system, can provide additional protection for the public and the environment.

3.1.2. Quality assurance

It is important to achieve the highest levels of quality in all stages of a nuclear power

project, from site selection through design, construction and commissioning to operation and

decommissioning. This is indicated by the fact that quality assurance (QA) is one of the five

main topics of the Codes and Safety Guides issued in the IAEA's NUSS program. Quality

assurance is defined as: "all those planned and systematic actions necessary to provide

adequate confidence that an item or service will satisfy given requirements for quality".

Similar questions