VI Answer the following in detail
1. Discuss the main causes of the First
World War.
2. Highlight the provisions of the Treaty of
Versailles relating to Germany.
3. Explain the course of
the Russian
Revolution under the leadership of
Lenin.
4. Estimate the work done by the League of
Nations.
Answers
Answer:
1. The immediate cause of World War I that made the aforementioned items come into play (alliances, imperialism, militarism, and nationalism) was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary.The causes of World War I remain controversial. World War I began in the Balkans in July 28, 1914 and ended on November 11, 1918, leaving 17 million dead and 20 million wounded.
2. The Treaty of Versailles held Germany responsible for starting the war and imposed harsh penalties in terms of loss of territory, massive reparations payments and demilitarization.The response correctly identifies two provisions of the treaty (Germany had to pay all the costs of World War I; Germany lost its territories) and ties one provision (loss of land) to a lead-up to war (it made Germany invade many European countries).
3. The Russian Revolution took place in 1917 when the peasants and working class people of Russia revolted against the government of Tsar Nicholas II. They were led by Vladimir Lenin and a group of revolutionaries called the Bolsheviks. The new communist government created the country of the Soviet Union.
4. AS AN accompaniment of the economic and financial crisis the world has been afflicted with a general political unrest and an increase of mistrust and uncertainty in international relations. In this situation public opinion everywhere has turned its critical attention to the League of Nations, founded twelve years ago for the purpose of combating just such tendencies, and to promote international coöperation and safeguard peace. The question being asked is: What has the League of Nations done, what is it doing, to alleviate the crisis and help towards a solution of the world's urgent and complicated problems? The question is often asked skeptically, implying adverse criticism of the League's activities and doubt regarding its prospects.
In my opinion, criticism of what the League has done is necessary and useful; but to be as useful as possible the criticism must be discriminating.
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