Question

viii) Which ecological phenomenon forms a basis
of biological control methods adopted in
agricultural pest control?​

Answer 1

Answer:

Biological control method adopted in the management of agricultural pest insects is based on the principle of predation.

Explanation

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Answer 2

Predation is the ecological phenomenon that forms a basis of biological control methods adopted in agricultural pest control

Biological control

Biocontrol mechanisms are the use of biological agents to control agricultural issues. Eg; pest control using Bacillus thuringiensis.

Mechanism of pest control

• Predation is the mechanism utilized for pest biocontrol. A protein produced in the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis is used for this purpose.
• The Cry protein is a crystal protein used. It is introduced into the plant with the help of suitable plant vectors like Agrobacterium tumefaciens .
• When pests mainly arthropods ingest the plant, they also ingest the Cry protein. This protein is an endotoxin and gets activated in the acidic pH 5.5 of the pest gut. this protein later creates pores in the intestine, ultimately leading to the death of the pest.

Hence, isolating the Cry protein from the bacteria and incorporating it into the plants has given the plants' pest resistance and also has significantly increased the yield of the crop.