Waves
1)Introduction.
2)Study of waves in a ripple tank.
3)Electro-magnetic waves.
4)Sound waves.
5)Introducing optics or light waves.
6)Reflection of light.
7)Image.
8)Refraction of light waves.
9)Critical angle and total internal reflection.
10)Disparsion of light.
Defination and notes needed with diagram
Answers
Answer:
Introduction:-
Waves:-if a wave is the movement of particles in a medium which carries energy from one place to another. There are two types of waves which are i)Transbarse waves and ii)Longitudinal waves.
i)Transbarse waves- If the particles of waves vibrate perpendicularly with the direction of the wave, then the wave is called transbarse waves. It goes forward forming crest and trough as shown below:-
Examples of transbarse wave is water wave.
ii)Longitudinal waves- If the particles of a wave vibrates parallely with the direction of the wave, then the wave in called longitudinal wave. It goes forward forming compression and rarefraction as shown below:-
A full wave or a complete wave:- The full cycle of a wave is called a complete wave as shown in the diagram below:-
Time period- The time needed a full wave or travel a full wave is called time period. It is denoted by T. The unit for time period is second.
Frequency- The number of wqves produced in a second is called frequency. It is denoted by f. Its unit is hertz.
The relation between frequency and time period-
Frequency=1/time period, f=1/T.
Wavelength:- The distance travelled by wave in its time period is called wavelength. It is denoted by inverted y (lambda). Its unit is meter.
For a transbarse wave, it is the distance between two consecutive crest to crest and trough to trough.
For a longitudinal wave, the difference between a compression and rarefraction is called wavelength.
Diffraction of waves in a ripple tank- When a wave passes through a narrow gap, all white is almost equal to the wavelength, the wave becomes circular after passing through the gap, this phenomenon is called diffraction of waves.
Longer the wavelength, higher the diffraction, so higher is the spreading.
Electro-magnetic waves:- It is a family of waves produced from vibration of magnetic field and electric field.
In a word, all members in this family is known as electro-magnetic spectrum.
Common properties of this family:-
i)They are transverse waves.
ii)They don't need any medium to pass through, they can pass through empty space(vaccum).
iii)Their sped in vaccum is 3×10⁸ m/s.
Name of the waves in this family:-
Name of the waves in this family:-i)Radio waves.
Name of the waves in this family:-i)Radio waves.ii)Micro-waves.
Name of the waves in this family:-i)Radio waves.ii)Micro-waves.iii)Infrared rays.
Name of the waves in this family:-i)Radio waves.ii)Micro-waves.iii)Infrared rays.iv)Visible light ray
Name of the waves in this family:-i)Radio waves.ii)Micro-waves.iii)Infrared rays.iv)Visible light rayv)Ultraviolet rays.
Name of the waves in this family:-i)Radio waves.ii)Micro-waves.iii)Infrared rays.iv)Visible light rayv)Ultraviolet rays.vi)X-rays.
Name of the waves in this family:-i)Radio waves.ii)Micro-waves.iii)Infrared rays.iv)Visible light rayv)Ultraviolet rays.vi)X-rays.vii)Gamma rays.
Radio waves- Radio waves are produced from vibrating electron in an antenna. Their wavelength is 0.1 m to several kms.
They are used in:-
i)Radio communications(both audio and video)
ii)Micro-waves
Micro-waves:- Their wavelenth is several mm.
They are used in:-
i)Radar communication.
ii)Satallite communication.
iii)Cooking food.
Harmful effects of micro-waves:- Micro-waves need a water particle to heat something, it causes internal heating. We are 70% liquid, it effects us too.
Infrared rays:- It is actually heat rays which mainly comes from the sun, also from some hot bodies. Its wavelength is 700 to 800 nanometers.
It is used in:-
i)A remote's switch.
ii)Night vision equipments.
iii)Relieving muscular pain
iv)Data transfer.
v)Cooking food
Harmful effects:-
It causes our skin to burn.
Answer:
Introduction. Waves involve the transport of energy without the transport of matter. In conclusion, a wave can be described as a disturbance that travels through a medium, transporting energy from one location (its source) to another location without transporting matter.