we cannot find the corrrect molecular weight of an electrolyte by the measuremnt of colligative properties?
Answers
The vapor pressure of an electrolytic solution is dependent on the ratio of solute to solvent molecules in a solution.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Compare the relative vapor pressures of a pure solvent and an electrolyte solution composed of the same solvent
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Key Points
Vapor pressure is a colligative property, so the vapor pressure of solutions is directly proportional to the amount of solute present in a solution.
When a solute is present in a solvent, the vapor pressure is lowered because fewer solvent molecules are present at the top of the solution.
Raoult’s law details the calculations for acquiring the vapor pressure of an ideal solution.
Key Terms
partial pressure: The pressure that one component of a mixture of gases contributes to the total pressure.
ideal solution: A solution with thermodynamic properties analogous to those of a mixture of ideal gases.
electrolyte: A substance that, when in solution or when molten, ionizes and conducts electricity.
Electrolyte Solutions
A simple example of an electrolyte solution is sodium chloride in water. In the presence of water, solid sodium chloride dissociates as it is dissolved, forming an electrolyte solution:
NaCl
(
s
)
→
Na
+
(
aq
)
+
Cl
−
(
aq
)
Nonelectrolyte solutions are those in which the solute does not dissociate into ions when dissolved; sugar does not dissociate, for example. The number of moles of dissolved particles is greater for electrolyte solutions, so there will be a greater impact on colligative properties.
Vapor Pressure
Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its condensed phase, either liquid or solid, at a particular temperature. Basically, it is a measure of how much the solvent molecules tend to escape from a liquid or solid phase into the atmosphere. Vapor pressure of a liquid is a colligative proper
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