We noted above that federal governments have two or more tiers of governments. We have
so far discussed the two-tiers of government in our country. But a vast country like India
cannot be run only through these two-tiers. States in India are as large as independent
countries of Europe. In terms of population, Uttar Pradesh is bigger than Russia,
Maharashtra is about as big as Germany. Many of these States are internally very diverse.
There is thus a need for power sharing within these States. Federal power sharing in India
needs another tier of government, below that of the State governments. This is the rationale
for decentralisation of power. Thus, resulted a third-tier of government, called local
government. When power is taken away from Central and State governments and given
to local government, it is called decentralisation. The basic idea behind decentralisation is
that there are a large number of problems and issues which are best settled at the local
level. People have better knowledge of problems in their localities. They also have better
ideas on where to spend money and how to manage things more efficiently. Besides,
at the local level it is possible for the people to directly participate in decision making. This
helps to inculcate a habit of democratic participation. Local government is the best way to
realise one important principle of democracy, namely local self-government.
Answer the following questions---
26.1 Name the third tier of the government.
26.2 The distinguishing feature of a Federal government is:
a) National government gives some powers to the provincial government.
b) Power is distributed among the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary
c) Elected officials exercise supreme power in the government.
d) Governmental power is divided between different levels of government.
26.3 Which of the following government has two or more levels?
a) Community Government
b) Coalition Government
c) Federal Government
d) All the above
26.4 The Constitution of India originally provided for :
a) A two- tier system of government
b) A three-tier system of government
c) A single-tier system of government
d) None of these
Answers
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Answer:
26.1 Local Government
26.2 d) Governmental power is divided between different levels of government
26.3 c) Federal Government
26.4 b) A three tier system of government
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