Question

what are amino acids give there classification ​

Answer 1

Answer:

amino acids are organic compounds that contain amine and carboxyl group along with a side chain.... about 500 naturally amino occurring...

Answer 2

Amino acid is a nitrogenous compound having both an acidic carboxyl(-COOH) and a basic amino$NH_{2}$ group.

Figure is given below

Amino acids are classified into three categories-

1. On the basis of composition of the side chain or R group  

2. On the basis of the number of amino and carboxylic groups

3. On the basis of polarity of the side chain or R group

Explanation:

1. All proteins are macro molecules because of their very high molecular weight.  

2. These are the polymers i.e. chain like molecules produced by joining a number of small units of amino acids called monomers.  

3. The amino acids are therefore known as "building blocks of proteins".  

4. The general structure of an amino acid is shown below (Figure).  

5. Each amino acid is a nitrogenous compound having both an acidic carboxyl (-COOH) and a basic amino (-$NH_{2}$) group. R stands for the side chains that are different for each amino acid. R can be as simple as a hydrogen atom (H) or a methyl group (-$CH_{3}$) or more complex structure.  

Classification of Amino Acids

1.On the basis of the composition of the side chain or R group- based on the composition of the side chain the 20 amino acids. They are grouped into 8 categories. e.g Simple amino acids, Hydroxy amino acids, Sulfur-containing amino acids, Acidic amino acids, Amino acid amides, Basic amino acids, Heterocyclic amino acids and Aromatic amino acids.  

2.On the basis of the number of amino and carboxylic groups-a) Monoamino- monocarboxylic amino acids b) Monoamino-dicarboxylic amino acids eg. Aspartic acid.  

3.On the basis of polarity of the side chain or R group-

a) Amino acids with non polar R groups e.g Alanine, Leucine.

b) Amino acid with polar but unchanged R groups.

c) Amino acids with negatively charged R groups e.g Aspartic acid

d) Amino acids with positively charged R groups.