what are civil laws explain with the help of examples
Answers
Your question is too vague to give a precise answer.
There are several dichotomies in which “civil law” is a pair:
1) Civil Law vs Common Law — this is a dichotomy of legal traditions/systems. The Civil Law represents the continental European legal tradition descended from the Napoleonic Code (and if you want to go back further, the Code of Justinian). In this sense it stands in contrast to the Common Law which is the legal system of England and is used in most of the English-speaking world.
2) Civil Law vs Criminal Law — this is a dichotomy of types of law. Yes, it is present (perhaps with different names, see #3 below) in both Common Law and Civil Law traditions. In common law jurisdictions, Civil Law applies to law that adjudicates disputes between citizens. If you sue someone for battery or breach of contract, civil law applies. Criminal law on the other hand is law that pertains to conduct prohibited (and, if detected, punished) by the sovereign. For example, if I punch you in the face I have likely committed the tort of battery and the crime of battery (or assault or assault and battery or whatever your jurisdiction calls it). You can sue me for compensation under the civil law. You have no control over whether I am prosecuted under the criminal law - that is the choice of the sovereign. If the sovereign chooses to try to punish me for the punch, I can face a criminal trial for battery — if I am convicted, I will be punished.
3) Civil Law vs Public Law — this is similar to #2 — public law includes criminal law but also other areas such as constitutional law, administrative law etc. In this context civil law (the law that concerns disputes between citizens) is often called private law. The public vs private law distinction is greater in jurisdictions that follow the Continental European Civil Law tradition than in those that follow the Common Law, the legal system used in the English-speaking world.
Answer:
The laws deal with civil cases which involve private disputes. some subjects that fall under this category are disputes relating to sale of land, purchase of goods, rent matters, eviction, divorce cases , etc.