What are different type of chemical reaction?Explain with example.
Answers
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Combination reaction : When two or more reactants combine in a reaction to form dingle product, it is called combination reaction.
Ex. NH3 + HCI = NH4CI
Decomposition reaction : The chemical reaction in which two or more products are formed from a single reactant is called Decomposition reaction.
Ex.C12H22O11 ———> 12C + 11H2O
Displacement reaction : The reaction in which the place of the ion of less reactive metal in a compound is taken of its own ions, is called displacement reaction.
Ex.Zn + 2HCI = ZnCl2 + H2
Double displacement reaction : The reaction in which the ions in the reactants are exchanged to form a precipitate are called Double Displacement reaction.
Ex. AgNO3 + NaCI ———> AgCI + NaNO3
Endothermic reaction : The reaction in which heat is absorbed is called Endothermic reaction.
Ex. KNO3(s) + H2O(l) + Heat = KNO3(aq).
Exothermic reaction : The process in which heat is given out is called an exothermic reaction.
Ex. NaOH(s) + H2O ———> NaOH(aq) + Heat.
Oxidation reaction : The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines oxygen or loses hydrogen to form a product is called Oxidation reaction.
Ex. C(s) + O2(g) = CO2(g).
Reduction Reaction : The chemical reaction in which a reactant gains hydrogen and loses oxygen to form a product is called Reduction Reaction.
Ex. CuO + H2 = Cu + H20.
Redox reaction or Oxidation-Reduction reaction : The reaction which involves simultaneous oxidation and reduction is called an Oxidation-Reduction reaction or Redox Reaction.
Redox Reaction = Oxidation + Reduction.
CuO(s) + H2(g) –––> Cu(s) + H2O.
Slow reaction : The reaction which requires long tine for completion i.e. slowly is called slow speed reaction.
Ex. 2KCIO3 –––> 2KCI + 3O2
Fast reaction : The reaction which is completed in short time i.e occurs rapidly is called fast speed reaction.
Ex. NaOH(aq) + HCI –––> NaCI(aq) + H2O(l).
Addition reaction : When a carbon compound combined with another compound to form a product that contains all the atoms in both the reactants; it is called Addition Reaction.
Ex. Vegetable oil +H2(g)Nil
–––>
catalyst
Vanaspati ghee.
Substitution reaction : The reaction in which the place of one type of atom/group in a reactant is taken by another atom/group of atoms, is called Substitution reactions.
Ex. CH4 + CI2 Sunlight
––––>
CH3CI + HCI
Esterification : A carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol in presence of an acid catalyst, an ester is formed. The reaction ks known as Esterification.
Ex. CH3—COOH +CH4 — CH2 — OH Acid CH3COOC2H5 +
–––>
H20
Saponification reaction : When an ester reacts with the alkali, u.e Sodium hydroxide, the corredpomding alcohol and sodium salt of carboxylic acid are obtained. This reaction is called Saponification reaction. It is used in the preparation of soap.
Ex. Ester + Sodium Hydroxide –> Sodium salt of carboxylic acid + alcohol.
Polymerization reaction : The reaction by which monomer molecules are converted into a polymer is called Polymerization.
Ex. nCH2 = CH2 Polymerization —( CH2 – CH
––––––––––>
2 —)n.
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