Question

What are food preservation methods example also define food preservation?

Answer 1

Answer:

The term food preservation refers to any one of a number of techniques used to prevent food from spoiling. It includes methods such as canning, pickling, drying and freeze-drying, irradiation, pasteurization , smoking, and the addition of chemical additives.

Answer 2

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➬ The process in which the food materials are given a suitable physical or chemical treatment to prevent their spoilage is called food preservation.

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➬ Dehydrating

• Dehydrating means removing water or moisture from food.

• This stops microorganisms from growing as they cannot grow without water. It can be called sun drying.

• For example: Ginger, Potato chips, Fenugreek (Methi) are dehydrated and stored in houses.

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➬ Lowering temperature

• We can also keep the microorganisms away from food by using low temperature. Low temperature slows down the activity of microorganisms.

• For this, we make use of refrigerators for preserving food items. Food can be kept in refrigerator at about 5˚C which delays its spoilage. For example: Cooked Dal can be preserved by this method.

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➬ Increasing temperature

• We can also keep the microorganism away from food by using high temperature. By increasing temperature enzymes and microorganisms are destroyed.

• It involves two methods:

1) Pasteurization

It is a process of heating food item to high temperature and then quickly cooling it. As microorganism cannot withstand change in temperature therefore, they get destroyed. This is a process in which milk is heated to about 70 degree Celsius for about 15 to 30 seconds and then suddenly chilled and stored. This process was discovered by Louis Pasteur.

2) Sterilization

In this process food items are exposed to high temperature more than 100 degree centigrade for longer period of time. In some cases high pressure also used to destroy micro -organisms.

Like if we take water and boils at very high temperature it cannot withstand with that high temperature and may lead to destruction of microorganism. Or we can say that water is microorganism free.

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➬ Using Preservatives

• Preservative is any substance that is added to food to keep it for long time. For example: Salt, Sugar, Acid, lemon.

Natural Preservatives

1. Salt
2. Sugar
3. Lemon juice
4. Oil spices

Chemical preservation

1. Sodium meta-bisulphate
2. Citric acid
3. Sodium Benzoate