Question

What are nephrons? How is a nephron involved in the fitration of blood and formation of urine?

Answer 1

Answer...........

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☆☆ NEPHRON ☆☆

☞ Each kidney contain many filtration units called as Nephrons.

☆☆ Formation Of Urine ☆☆

▪ Nephrons are made up of a cluster of thin walled cappilaries called glomerulus which is accociated with a cup of structure called as Bowman's Capsule and the long tube which terminates through this capsule.

▪ The renal artery brings oxygenated blood to the kidneys along with the nitrogeneous wastes like urea acid and many other substances.

▪ The Blood gets filtered through the glomerulus and this filterate enters the tabular part of nephron.

▪ As this filterate moves down the tabular part, glucose, amino acids, salts and excess of water gets selectively reabsorbed by the blood vessels surrounding these tabules.

▪ The amount of water reabsorbed depends upon : -
(a.) How much excess of water is there in the body and,
(b.) How much nitrogenous wastes need to be exreted out.

▪So the fluid now flowing in the tabular part is urine which gets collected in collecting ducts of nephrons.

▪ These collecting ducts together leave the kidney at a common point by forming the ureter.

▪ Each ureter drians the urine in the urinary bladder where it is stored until the pressure of expanded bladder leads to an urge to pass it out through urethra.

▪ This bladder is a muscular structure which is under nervous control.

▪ 180 litres of filtrate is formed daily but only 2 litres is excreted out as urine so the rest is reabsorbed in the body.

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