Biology, asked by swarnalighosh2000, 5 months ago

what are steroids and sterols?​

Answers

Answered by sabinamin14
1

Answer:

Steroids vary by the functional groups attached to this four-ring core and by the oxidation state of the rings. Sterols are forms of steroids with a hydroxyl group at position three and a skeleton derived from cholestane.

Answered by legendary100
5

Answer:

STEROIDS:

A steroid is a biologically active organic compound with four rings arranged in a specific molecular configuration. Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes which alter membrane fluidity; and as signaling molecules.

Function

Steroid hormones help control metabolism, inflammation, immune functions, salt and water balance, development of sexual characteristics, and the ability to withstand illness and injury.

Side effects of anabolic steroids

•reduced sperm count.

•infertility.

•shrunken testicles.

•erectile dysfunction.

•baldness.

•breast development.

•increased risk of prostate cancer.

•severe acne.

Structure

All steroids are related to a characteristic molecular structure composed of 17 carbon atoms—arranged in four rings conventionally denoted by the letters A, B, C, and D—bonded to 28 hydrogen atoms.

Injection

Steroid injections, also called corticosteroid injections, are anti-inflammatory medicines used to treat a range of conditions. They can be used to treat problems such as joint pain, arthritis, sciatica and inflammatory bowel disease. Steroid injections are only given by healthcare professionals.

STEROLS:

Sterol is a chemical compound with formula C ₁₇H ₂₈O, whose molecule is derived from that of gonane by replacement of a hydrogen atom in position 3 by a hydroxyl group. It is therefore an alcohol of gonane.

Function

Sterols, the third lipid class, also regulate biological processes and sustain the domain structure of cell membranes where they are considered as membrane reinforcers [2]. While cholesterol (CHO) is the major sterol of vertebrates, ergosterol (ERG) plays a key role in fungi.

Supplements

At least 2-3 grams (2000-3000 mg) of plant sterols and stanols each day may lower your LDL-C by 7.5-12%. To get 2-3 grams of plant sterols each day, you need to eat foods supplemented with added plant sterols and stanols and/or include plant sterol and stanol cholesterol-lowering supplements.

Structure

Sterols are a subgroup of steroids with a hydroxyl group at the 3-position of the A-ring. They are amphipathic lipids synthesized from acetyl-coenzyme A via the HMG-CoA reductase pathway. The overall molecule is quite flat. The hydroxyl group on the A ring is polar.

Nutrition

Phytosterols, or plant sterols, are a family of molecules related to cholesterol. They are found in the cell membranes of plants, where they play important roles — just like cholesterol in humans. The most common phytosterols in your diet are campesterol, sitosterol, and stigmasterol.

Explanation:

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