What are the advantage of multiple unit trian
Answers
Answer:
The advantages are: A multiple-unit train set consumes less energy, experience little or negligible power-loss in case of climbing a steep gradient. A multiple-unit train-set never requires a power-car even in-case of high-load.
Explanation:
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Advantages of multiple unit trains are
Multiple units have several advantages over locomotive trains.
Energy efficiency
They are more energy-efficient than locomotive trains.
Gradients
They have better adhesion, as more of the train's weight is carried on driven wheels, rather than the locomotive having weight of unpowered coaches.
Acceleration
They have a higher power-to-weight-ratio than a locomotive train since they don't have a heavy locomotive that does not itself carry passengers, but contributes to the total weight of the train. This is particularly important where train services make frequent stops, since the energy consumed for accelerating the train increases significantly with an increase in weight. Because of the energy efficiency and higher adhesive-weight-to-total-weight ratio values, they generally have higher acceleration ability than locomotive-type trains and are favored in urban trains and metro systems for frequent start/stop routines.
Turnaround times
Most of them have cabs at both ends, resulting in quicker turnaround times, reduced crewing costs, and enhanced safety. The faster turnaround time and the reduced size (due to higher frequencies) as compared to large locomotive trains, has made the MU a major part of suburban commuter rail services in many countries. MUs are also used by most rapid transit systems. However, the need to turn a locomotive is no longer a problem for locomotive-hauled trains due to the increasing use of push pull trains.
Failure
Multiple units may usually be quickly made up or separated into sets of varying lengths. Several multiple units may run as a single train, then be broken at a junction point into shorter trains for different destinations. As there are multiple engines/motors, the failure of one engine does not prevent the multiple unit from continuing its journey. A locomotive-drawn train typically has only one power unit, whose failure will disable the train. However, some locomotive-hauled trains may contain more than one power unit and thus be able to continue at reduced speed after the failure of one.
Axle loads