What are the challenges faced by the food production sector in India?
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
Availability of raw materials:
Agricultural produce is an important factor for sustaining food processing activities. Due to seasonal availability of certain crops, the sector faces delays in production resulting in low supply.
For oil production, the majority of oilseed producers are small and marginal farmers with poor access to resource bases such as fertilizers, manure, etc. Hence, oilseeds grown by such farmers have low yield.
Rabi crops like wheat, barley and mustard are sown around mid-November and harvested in April or May. These food grains are dependent on forces of nature, which are rather unpredictable.
Seasonal scarcity and high cost of raw materials constitutes one of the major constraints affecting the growth of small-scale food processing enterprises. This scenario results in scarcity and higher pricing of raw materials.
Storage Constraints:
Many of these shortage or scarcity issues can be solved by following proper storage norms for raw materials.
However, this is a major challenge faced by the Indian small-scale food processing industry. The absence and inadequacy of infrastructure facilities to store raw materials lowers the quality and availability of the end product.
There are two ways for proper storage – warehousing and cold storage.
In warehouses, problems arise due to scarcity of space and how commodities are optimally stored in that space. Product damages are another problem faced in warehouse; few damages are inevitable but can be reduced with a rack safety netting and avoiding overload of shelves.
Cold storage for frozen food is a massive sub-industry in and of itself. With ever-evolving food trends there are growing varieties of ready-to-eat food, beverages, processed frozen fruit and vegetable products, marine and meat products and so on – many of these items require specialized storage environments.
The lack of availability of these types of facilities pose a major constraint for the food processing sector.
Transportation Issues:
Perishable food items must be shipped with proper packaging to avoid breakages and damages during transportation. Also, timely delivery is important to avoid spoilage – certain food items do not last long even if stored in climate-controlled facilities.
Technological equipment:
In the Indian food processing sector, we stick to traditional production processes where the quality of agricultural and food products is being inspected by human evaluators. This manual inspection is time-consuming, labor intensive and prone to human error. To lessen the impact of these issues, computerized inspection of these products must be implemented.
High competition:
This industry is highly competitive with many players in the organized, as well as, unorganized sectors. A few of the top Indian Food Processors include Nestle India Limited, Britannia Industries Limited, Amul India, Parle Agro Private Limited, Haldiram’s Food International Limited and ITC Limited. In order to survive in a competitive environment, the food processing industry can definitely develop through marketing channels, improving food quality standards and strengthen manpower to face global challenges.
In spite of the problems faced, food‐processing technology in India has continued to make steady progress towards modernisation. The sector will continue to witness increases in the number of food processing units. Some key drivers include the entry of international companies, availability of cheap work force, rising demand of Indian products in international markets, and demand for processed food.
Answer:
Certain crops are increasingly dependent on monsoons which are sometimes delayed resulting in poor or no yield. Lack of Storage Infrastructure: Many small scale food processing industries are suffering from shortage of food storage infrastructure that help in storage of raw materials.
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