What are the differences between Inductive effect and Mesomeric effect
Answers
Main Difference – Inductive Effect vs Resonance Effect
Inductive effect is the effect caused by the induced electrical charges in atoms of a molecule. This charge induction occurs due to the differences in the electronegativity values of atoms. Atoms with a high electronegativity tends to attract bond electrons towards itself. However, resonance effect is different from inductive effect. The resonance effect of a molecule arises when there are double bonds in that molecule. The main difference between inductive effect and resonance effect is that inductive effect describes the transmission of electrical charges between atoms in a molecule whereas resonance effect describes the transmission of electron pairs between atoms in a molecule.
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Answer
⚫inductive effect
◾It operates in saturated compounds
◾It involves electrons of Sigma bonds
◾The electron pair is slightly displaced from its position and hence partial charges are developed.
◾It is transmitted over a short distance it becomes negligible after Second carbon atom in the chain.
⚫Mesomeric effect
◾It operates in unsaturated compounds especially having conjugated systems.
◾It involves electrons of Pi bonds or lone pair of electrons
◾The electron pair is completely transferred and hence unit positive and negative charges are developed.
◾It is transmitted through entire chain provided conjugation is present.