What are the different furnaces used for extraction of metals?
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Alumina refining
Aluminium oxide (alumina) is extracted from bauxite in a refinery. Alumina is then used to produce primary aluminium.
4-7 metric tons of bauxite = 2 metric tons of alumina = 1 metric ton of aluminium.
Bauxite contains, in addition to alumina, silica, iron oxide and titanic dioxide. The Bayer process is used to extract alumina from the bauxite:
Alumina is separated from the bauxite by using a hot solution of caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) and lime (calcium oxide).
The mixture is pumped into high-pressure containers and heated.
The caustic soda dissolves the alumina, which precipitates from the saturated solution. The alumina is then washed and heated to drive off water.
The precipitate is filtered and washed to remove and recover the caustic solution.
Everything else is filtered away, and the alumina is dried to a white powder.
Most alumina refineries are located close to the bauxite mine, or at the nearest harbor, where the alumina can be easily shipped to aluminium production plants.
Aluminium oxide (alumina) is extracted from bauxite in a refinery. Alumina is then used to produce primary aluminium.
4-7 metric tons of bauxite = 2 metric tons of alumina = 1 metric ton of aluminium.
Bauxite contains, in addition to alumina, silica, iron oxide and titanic dioxide. The Bayer process is used to extract alumina from the bauxite:
Alumina is separated from the bauxite by using a hot solution of caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) and lime (calcium oxide).
The mixture is pumped into high-pressure containers and heated.
The caustic soda dissolves the alumina, which precipitates from the saturated solution. The alumina is then washed and heated to drive off water.
The precipitate is filtered and washed to remove and recover the caustic solution.
Everything else is filtered away, and the alumina is dried to a white powder.
Most alumina refineries are located close to the bauxite mine, or at the nearest harbor, where the alumina can be easily shipped to aluminium production plants.
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Answer:
Different furnaces used for the extraction of metals are :
(1) Reverberatory furnace
(2) Bessemer converter
(3) Blast furnace
(4) Hearth.
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