What are the different types of bills? Briefly difine them.
Answers
A Bill is the draft of a legislative proposal. It has to pass through various stages before it becomes an Act of Parliament. There are Mainly Four Types of Bills in Parliament, which are illustrated below……….
Ordinary Bill
Money Bill
Financial Bill
Constitutional Amendment Bills
ORDINARY BILL :
Any Bill Other than Money, Financial or Constitutional amendment bill is called an Ordinary Bill.
Ordinary Bill can be introduced in Either Upper House (Rajya Sabha) Or in Lower House (Lok Sabha).
Article 107, 108 deals with Ordinary Bill.
Ordinary Bill is passed by Simple Majority by both Houses.
If there is any deadlock over the Ordinary Bill, it can be resolved by Joint Sitting of both Houses of Parliament.
NOTE : In case of a deadlock between the two houses or in a case where more than six months lapse in the other house, the President may summon, though is not bound to, a joint session of the two houses which is presided over by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha and the deadlock is resolved by simple majority. Until now, only three bills: the Dowry Prohibition Act (1961), the Banking Service Commission Repeal Bill (1978) and the Prevention of Terrorist Activities Act (2002) have been passed at joint sessions.
MONEY BILL :
Bills which exclusively contain provisions for imposition and abolition of taxes, for appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund, etc., are certified as Money Bills by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha.
Money Bills can be introduced only in Lok Sabha on the recommendation of the President per Articles 109, 110 and 117.
For every fiscal year, the annual budget or annual financial statement with demand for grants on the recommendation of the President per Articles 112 to 116 shall be passed by the Lok Sabha.
The Rajya Sabha cannot make amendments to a Money Bill passed by the Lok Sabha and sent to it. It can, however, recommend amendments in a Money Bill, but must return all Money Bills to Lok Sabha within fourteen days from the date of their receipt.
The Lok Sabha can choose to accept or reject any or all of the recommendations of the Rajya Sabha with regard to a Money Bill.
If Lok Sabha accepts any of the recommendations of Rajya Sabha, the Money Bill is deemed to have been passed by both Houses with amendments recommended by Rajya Sabha and accepted by Lok Sabha. If Lok Sabha does not accept any of the recommendations of Rajya Sabha, the Money Bill is deemed to have been passed by both Houses in the form in which it was passed by Lok Sabha without any of the amendments recommended by Rajya Sabha.
If a Money Bill passed by Lok Sabha and transmitted to Rajya Sabha for its recommendations is not returned to Lok Sabha within the said period of fourteen days, it is deemed to have been passed by both Houses at the expiration of the said period in the form in which it was passed by Lok Sabha.
When a money bill introduced in the Lok Sabha by the government fails to get its approval, the ruling party is treated as not commanding the majority support in the Lok Sabha or shall be dismissed by the president to pave way for new government / fresh elections or opposition would move no confidence motion.
FINANCIAL BILL :
A Bill apart from dealing with one or more money matters if also deals with one or more non money matters then it is called a Financial Bill.
Financial Bill is introduced in the same manner as that of money bill.
Financial Bill is passed in same manner as an ordinary bill is passed.
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT BILL :
A Bill introduced under Article 368 to amend one or more provisions of the constitution is called a constitutional amendment bill.
This Bill can be introduced in either House of Parliament.
This Bill does not require the recommendation of President for its introduction.
This Bill shall be passed by both the House of the Parliament sitting separately by majority of not less than 2/3rd members present & voting & a majority of total strength of house.
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