what are the different ways in manufacturing industries may be categorised
Answers
Manufacturing industries may be categorised as :-
»On The Basis of Raw Materials
Industries are divided into two types, on the basis of the raw materials used.
Agro Based Industries: Cotton, wool, jute, silk textile, rubber, sugar, tea, coffee, etc.
Mineral Based Industries: Iron and steel, cement, aluminum, petrochemicals, etc.
»On The Basis Of Their Role
Industries are classified into two types based on this distinction.
Basic or Key Industries: These industries supply their products or raw materials to manufacture other goods, e.g. iron and steel, copper smelting, aluminium smelting.
Consumer Industries: These industries produce goods which are directly used by consumers, e.g. sugar, paper, electronics, soap, etc.
»On The Basis of Capital Investment
Industries are of two types, based on the capital investment.
Small Scale Industry: If the invested capital is up to Rs. one crore, then the industry is called a small scale industry.
Large Scale Industry: If the invested capital is more than Rs. one crore, then the industry is called a large-scale industry.
»On The Basis of Ownership
Based on the ownership, industries can be classified into the following four categories:
Public Sector: Government agencies own and operate these industries, e.g. SAIL, BHEL, ONGC, etc.
Private Sector: Individuals or a group of individuals own and operate these industries, e.g. TISCO, Reliance, Mahindra, etc.
Joint Sector: Government and individuals jointly own these industries, e.g. Oil India Limited.
Cooperative Sector: Producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both own these industries. The stakeholders pool the resources. They share the profit or loss proportionately. AMUL which is milk cooperative is a good example. The sugar industry in Maharashtra is another example.
2. On The Basis Of Their Role
3. On The Basis of Capital Investment
4. On The Basis of Ownership