Question

what are the drawbacks of Rutherford experiment​

Answer 1

Drawback of rutherford's model of atom :

-A major drawback of rutherford's model of the atom is that it does not explain the stability of atom .

- Rutherford's model of an atom , the negatively charged electrons are revolving around the positively charged nucleus in cicular paths.

-lf a charged undergoes accelerated motion , then it must cradiate energy continuously.

- lf we apply this eletromagnetic theory to rutherford's model of atom , it will mean that the negatively charged electrons revolving around nucleus with accelerated motion,will lose their energy continuously by radiation.

-The energy of revolving electrons will decrease gradually and their speed will also go on decreasing .

-The electrons will then be attracted more strongly by the oppositely charged nucleus due to which they will come more and more close to nucleus.

- And ultimately the electrons should fall into the nucleus by taking a spiral path . This should make the atom very unstable and hence the atom should collapse.

Answer 2

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»Rutherford bombarded a thin gold foil with high speed alpha particles which are obtained from radioactive material

»Alpha rays are made to travel in straight lines by passing them through Lead sheets having holes at their centres .zinc sulphide screen was placed behind the gold foil to know the position of the alpha rays .

Rutherford observed that :

most of the Alpha particles passed without any deflection

some of them were deflected away from their path

only a few were returned back to their original direction of propagation

Rutherfords atomic model:

the main features of this model are

atom is Spherical and hollow

the total mass and total positive charge is concentrated in a small region at the centre part of the atom which is called in nucleus

this model is called solar Model or planetary model

electrons and nucleus are held Together by electrostatic force of attraction

Drawbacks:

As per electromagnetic theory the revolving electron should lose energy continuously and travel in a spiral path and finally should fall into the nucleus so atom should collapse but atoms are stable