Question

What are the features of phylum vertebrata​

Answer 1

Answer:

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As chordates, vertebrates have the same common features: a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail. Vertebrates are further differentiated from chordates by their vertebral column, which forms when their notochord develops into the column of bony vertebrae separated by discs..

Answer 2

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Some Features of phylum vertebrata

❍ Vertebrata are the phylum which includes the majority of chordates. The vertebrates are separated from the rest of the chordates by a number of characteristics.

❍ Vertebrates include amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds, as well as the jawless fishes, bony fishes, sharks, and rays.

❍ Some Features are :-

▪ Presence of a notochord

▪ They are backboned animals (vertebrates),

▪ Most of the living chordates are familiar vertebrate animals.

▪ Presence of dorsal hollow nerve cord

▪ Blood vascular system: Present, closed type

▪ Ventral heart, hepatic portal system and RBC are present.

▪ Germ layer: Triploblastic.

▪ Symmetry: bilateral symmetry body.

▪ Coelom: Present. Well developed

▪ Presence of gill (pharyngeal) slits

▪ Presence of post anal tail

Explanation:-

$\green{\bf{Notochods:-}}$ Notochord is a cartilaginous skeletal rod supporting the body in all embryonic and some adult chordate animals.

$\green{\bf{Symmetry:-}}$ The division of body into equal segments is known as symmetry.There are several different types of symmetry, including asymmetry, radialsymmetry, bilateral symmetry, biradialsymmetry, and spherical symmetry.But, basically it is divided into three types :-

~ asymmetrical - Whose body is not divided into equal halves.

Eg- Sponges

~ Radial symmetry -A body is divided into more than two equal halves.

Eg- Coelentrata

~ Bilateral symmetry - A body is divided into two equal halves only.

Eg- Arthopoda

$\green{\bf{ Coelom}}$ Ceolom is the body cavity that is present between body wall and gut wall. It was lined by mesoderm and accomodate well developed organs. It is following types:

• Acoelomate

~ No body cavity, for example Coelenterata and Flatworms.

• Pseudocoelomate

~Body cavity not lined by mesoderm, for example Nematoda.

• Coelomate

~️Body cavity true Shillong present and it is lined by mesoderm, for example Annelida, Mollusca ,Arthropoda, Echinodermata and Chordata.

$\green{\bf{Germ \: layer}}$ A germ layer is a collection of cells, formed during animal embryogenesis. Germ layers are only rarely pronounced in the vertebrates.

~ However, all animals more complex than sponges (eumetazoans and agnotozoans) produce two or three primary tissue layers (sometimes called primary germ layers).

~ Animals with radial symmetry, like cnidarians, produce two called ectoderm and endoderm, making them diploblastic.

~ Animals with bilateral symmetry produce a third layer in-between called mesoderm, making them triploblastic.

~ Germ layers will eventually give rise to all of an animal’s tissues and organs through a process called organogenesis.

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