what are the main causes of food spoilage and factors speeding them
Answers
Answer:
1. Bacteria
They are the most abundant microorganisms found on the earth. They are tiny in size and vary in shape. Some bacteria are useful also. They help to convert milk into curd.
2. Protozoa
They are single-celled microorganisms that cause disease like food poisoning etc.
3. Fungi
They are found in damp and warm places and grow on the dead and rotting matter.
Food SpoilageFungi (Source: sciencedaily)
4. Temperature
Temperature is one of the major factors which is responsible for food spoilage.
Signs of food spoilage
Signs of food spoilage include an appearance different from the fresh food,
Food Preservation
Food is valuable. Preserving food can help to avoid wasting of food. Food preservation involves preventing the food from being spoilt. Preservation of food is the process by which food is stored by special methods. Cooked or uncooked food can be preserved in different ways to be used later. Some methods of preservation are:
1. Freezing
Food kept in a refrigerator remains fresh for some days. Germs do not grow easily in cool places. We preserve food items, like milk fruit, vegetables and cooked food by keeping them in a refrigerator.
2. Boiling
By this method, we can preserve food for a short period of time. Germs in milk are killed by pasteurization. It is done by boiling milk for sometimes and then cooling it quickly.
3. Salting
We can add salt to preserve pickles and fish.
4. Sweetening
Excess sugar in food also acts as a preservative. We store food for a long time in the form of jams, jellies, and murabbas by adding sugar.
5. Dehydration
In this method, the food items are dried in sun to stop the growth of bacteria in them. Certain foods, like raw mangoes, fishes, potato chips and papads are preserved by this method.
6. Canning
In this method, air is removed from food and put in airtight cans so that germs do not grow on them. Food items like vegetables, seafood, dairy products etc. Are preserved through this method.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages of food preservation: Germs do not grow easily in preserved food and make it safe to eat. Preservation enables us to enjoy seasonal fruits like strawberries and mangoes even during the offseason.
Disadvantages of food preservation: Excess salt and sugar are used in the preservation of food which is not good for health. Some methods of food preservation may lead to loss of nutrients.
Answer:
fungi, yeast , wrong temperatures