Question

What are the main characteristics of deciduous and mediterranean forests?

Answer 1

deciduous forest :
01. Deciduous forests have a long, warm growing season as one of four distinct seasons.
02. There is abundant moisture.
The soil typically is rich. The leaves dropped from trees provide a steady source of organic material for the soil. Many species live in the soil and break down the organic matter.
03.Tree leaves are arranged in strata: canopy, understory, shrub, and ground. A great deal of light is therefore filtered out before it reaches the ground.
04.With the dropping of their leaves during one season, trees stop photosynthesis and enter a dormant period.
05.Three main types of trees are characteristic of these forests: northern hardwood, central hardwood, and southeast pine and oak.

Mediterranean forest
Mediterranean forests are generally composed of broad leaf trees. Forests are often found in riparian areas, where they receive more summer water. But although there is a wide variety of habitat, the various Mediterranean forests have common characteristics. Trees, even fully grown, are often stunted and bush-fires catch easily because of the amount of undergrowth. The forest ecosystem is also specific, defined by the Mediterranean climate (a hot, dry, season, a cold, wetter season, sometimes brutal rainfall) and by a wide variety of soils, often eroded and poor in humus. 
For instance, the oak and mixed sclerophyll forests of California and the Mediterranean region, the Eucalyptus forests of Southwest Australia, and the Nothofagus forests of central Chile.

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