what are the main uses of manganese ore
Answers
Explanation:
Manganese: uses
(1) Metallurgical applications
Steel making
At present steel making accounts for 85% to 90% of total manganese consumption. Manganese is often used by the steel industry in deoxidizing and desulfurizing additives and as an alloying constituent. It can improve the rolling and forging qualities, as well as the strength, toughness, stiffness, hardness, wear resistance, and hardenability of steels. For example, steel containing 8-15% manganese can have a high tensile strength of up to 863 MPa, and steel with 12% or more manganese is used in applications in which great toughness and wear resistance is required, such as gyratory crushers, jaw-crusher plates, railway points and crossover components.
Aluminum alloys
The second large application for manganese is as an alloying agent for aluminum. Aluminum with a manganese content of about 1.5% has an increased resistance against corrosion due to the formation of grains absorbing impurities which would lead to galvanic corrosion. Aluminum-manganese alloys have been applied in various products such as beverage cans, kitchenware, roofing, car radiators and transportation.
Copper alloys
Manganese is probably the most versatile element that can be added to copper alloys. Small additions of manganese (0.1% to 0.3%) are used to deoxidize the alloy and improve its castability and mechanical strength. Manganese has a high solid solubility in copper and in binary systems with copper and aluminum, zinc or nickel as the binary constituent. Many commercial copper alloys contain around 1% to 2% manganese to improve strength and hot workability. Far higher levels of manganese content are found in some alloys for specific applications,
Manganese is also used in other metal alloys. An alpha-beta titanium-base alloy contains 8% manganese and was used for the Gemini re-entry control module in the 1960s. Some zinc alloys and magnesium alloys also contain 0.1% to 0.2% manganese. Manganese can also be added to gold, silver, bismuth etc., to produce alloys which are used for very specific applications, generally related to the electronic industry. However, manganese used in these metal alloys accounts for a small percentage of the total manganese demand.
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