What are the major losses due to the flood? Write any three points.
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Chemistry > Environmental Chemistry > Floods – Definition and Different Causes of Floods
Environmental Chemistry
Floods – Definition and Different Causes of Floods
Flood is a term used to denote an enormous amount of water. When there is an outflow of water in a place, it is said to be flooded. The situation caused when the water becomes uncontrollable is said to be flooded. The flood may take different forms such as in the form of heavy rainfall when there is a breaking of the dam. Furthermore, the melting of snow also leads to flooding. Floods lead to an overfull and huge spread of water but are not considered safe for the purpose of drinking. Thus floods bring with them a number of diseases such as typhoid, cholera and many others. Here, we shall discuss the various causes of floods.
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Largest area of the land liable to flooding is in the state of _________.
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Causes of Floods
Flood is usually a result of natural causes. It may also be caused by man-made factors. It causes huge damage to life and property. There are many different causes leading to flooding. Some prominent among them include:
Massive Rainfall
Drainage systems and the effective infrastructure design aid during heavy rains. They help the drainage of excess water into reservoirs in an easy way. But in cases of heavy rainfall, the systems stop working. Thus flood is caused.
Overflowing of the Rivers
The people living along the river always have a risk of life from the overflowing of the Rivers. To prevent such a situation, a string of dams are built. However, if these dams are not managed properly, they may cause flooding and huge damage.
Collapsed Dams
In the event of huge rainfall, the dams built begin to collapse. Thus, causing the flood situation to become even critical for the people living around.
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Snowmelt
At the time of the high melting of snow due to heavy precipitation and other factors, the situation of flooding arises. Adopting sustainable measures for heavy precipitation can help in dealing with the flooding situation.
Deforestation
The cutting of trees in a reckless manner i.e. deforestation is also a major cause of man-made flooding. Trees prevent soil erosion and also the loss of crops. The vegetation is also enriched as a result of more and more trees. This also blocks the massive flow of rain, thus preventing flooding.
Explanation:
1) damage to life and property: floods cause heinous damage to life as well as property by sweeping houses right off the ground and making people more susceptible to catching diseases like dengue, malaria and snake bites. On top of that,the flowing water can have an egregious influence on animals that might get swept away by the high flow of water as well.
2) Soil erosion: the incessant flow if water causes the water to wipe the topmost layer of soil out, rendering the land sterile and degraded.
3) Economic and health losses to the country as well as the people: psychology has empirically proved that an individual is more prone to get depression after an irrefragable or irrefutable loss due to a natural hazard or some other event( a passel of people fall into the moat of depression after any calamity strikes) . The country's GDP will also go down and hit a rock bottom right after any calamitous incident takes place, leading to personal and national losses occurring simultaneously.