what are the panchsheel principles and mention the factors which influence and shaped Indian foreign policy.
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Answer:
Indian Policymakers understood the linkage between peace and development and survival of mankind. In view of the destruction caused by two world wars, they realized that for the progress of a nation a durable world peace was needed. Without global peace, social and economic development is likely to be pushed to the background. Thus, the founder of India’s foreign policy, Nehru gave utmost importance to world peace in his policy planning. For him, India desired peaceful and friendly relations with all countries, particularly the big powers and the neighboring nations. While signing a peace agreement with China; he advocated adherence to five guiding principles known as Panchsheel. Panchsheel was signed on 28 April 1954 and since then it has become a guiding principle of India’s bilateral relations with other countries also. Panchsheel includes the following five principles of foreign policy:
Mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty.
Non-aggression against each other.
Non-interference in each other’s internal affairs.
Equality and mutual benefit.
Peaceful co-existence.
These principles of Panchsheel were later incorporated in the Bandung Declaration, signed in the Afro-Asian Conference held in 1955 in Indonesia. They are the core principles of the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) and still guide the conduct of India’s foreign policy.
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