what are the problems associated with cotton industry?
Answers
★ Answer:
→ Shortage of good quality raw material i.e. long staple cotton.
→ Erratic power supply and poor infrastructure hampers production.
→ Outdated machinery and technology.
→ Low productivity of labour force.
→ Stiff competition with synthetic fibre industry.
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ᴄᴏᴛᴛᴏɴ ᴛᴇxᴛɪʟᴇ ɪɴᴅᴜsᴛʀʏ ɪs ᴏʙsᴇssᴇᴅ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴍᴀɴʏ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍs. ᴛᴡᴏ ᴍᴀɪɴ ғᴀᴄᴛᴏʀs ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ᴡʀᴇᴄᴋᴇᴅ ᴅɪᴇ ɪɴᴅᴜsᴛʀʏ ᴀʀᴇ ɢᴏᴠᴇʀɴᴍᴇɴᴛ’s ᴛᴇxᴛɪʟᴇ ᴘᴏʟɪᴄʏ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ɢʀᴏᴡᴛʜ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴏᴡᴇʀ ʟᴏᴏᴍ sᴇᴄᴛᴏʀ.
ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴇsᴜʟᴛ ᴡᴀs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴍᴀɴʏ ᴄᴏᴛᴛᴏɴ ᴍɪʟʟs ʙᴇᴄᴀᴍᴇ ɪɴᴇғғɪᴄɪᴇɴᴛ ᴀɴᴅ ᴜɴᴇᴄᴏɴᴏᴍɪᴄ-ᴏɴᴇ-ᴅɪʀᴛ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴛᴛᴏɴ ᴍɪʟʟs ʙᴇᴄᴀᴍᴇ sɪᴄᴋ ᴀɴᴅ ᴡᴀs ᴄʟᴏsᴇᴅ ᴅᴏᴡɴ. ʙʏ 1992 ᴀs ᴍᴀɴʏ ᴀs 130 ᴄᴏᴛᴛᴏɴ ᴍɪʟʟs ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴄʟᴏsᴇᴅ ᴅᴏᴡɴ. ғᴏʟʟᴏᴡɪɴɢ ᴀʀᴇ sᴏᴍᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍs ғᴀᴄᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴᴅᴜsᴛʀʏ.
(ᴀ) sʜᴏʀᴛᴀɢᴇ ᴏғ ʀᴀᴡ ᴍᴀᴛᴇʀɪᴀʟs-ʀᴀᴡ ᴍᴀᴛᴇʀɪᴀʟ ᴅᴇᴛᴇʀᴍɪɴᴇs 35 ᴘᴇʀ ᴄᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛᴏᴛᴀʟ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴄᴏsᴛ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀʏ ɪs sʜᴏʀᴛ ᴏғ ᴄᴏᴛᴛᴏɴ, ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄᴜʟᴀʀʟʏ ʟᴏɴɢ- sᴛᴀᴘʟᴇ ᴄᴏᴛᴛᴏɴ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ɪs ɪᴍᴘᴏʀᴛᴇᴅ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴘᴀᴋɪsᴛᴀɴ, ᴋᴇɴʏᴀ, ᴜɢᴀɴᴅᴀ, sᴜᴅᴀɴ, ᴇɢʏᴘᴛ, ᴛᴀɴᴢᴀɴɪᴀ, ᴜ.s.ᴀ. ᴀɴᴅ ᴘᴇʀᴜ. ɪᴛ ɪs ᴘɪᴛʏ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴅᴇsᴘɪᴛᴇ ʟᴀʀɢᴇsᴛ ᴀʀᴇᴀ ᴜɴᴅᴇʀ ᴄᴏᴛᴛᴏɴ (26 ᴘᴇʀ ᴄᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡᴏʀʟᴅ ᴀᴄʀᴇᴀɢᴇ) ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀʏ ᴀᴄᴄᴏᴜɴᴛs ғᴏʀ ᴏɴʟʏ 9 ᴘᴇʀᴄᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡᴏʀʟᴅ ᴏᴜᴛᴘᴜᴛ ᴏғ ᴄᴏᴛᴛᴏɴ. ғʟᴜᴄᴛᴜᴀᴛɪɴɢ ᴘʀɪᴄᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ᴜɴᴄᴇʀᴛᴀɪɴᴛɪᴇs ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀᴠᴀɪʟᴀʙɪʟɪᴛʏ ᴏғ ʀᴀᴡ ᴍᴀᴛᴇʀɪᴀʟ ᴄᴀᴜsᴇ ʟᴏᴡ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀɴᴅ sɪᴄᴋɴᴇss ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍɪʟʟs.
(ʙ) ᴏʙsᴏʟᴇᴛᴇ ᴍᴀᴄʜɪɴᴇʀʏ-ɪɴ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ᴍᴏsᴛ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴛᴛᴏɴ ᴛᴇxᴛɪʟᴇ ᴍɪʟʟs ᴀʀᴇ ᴡᴏʀᴋɪɴɢ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴏʟᴅ ᴀɴᴅ ᴏʙsᴏʟᴇᴛᴇ ᴍᴀᴄʜɪɴᴇʀʏ. ᴀᴄᴄᴏʀᴅɪɴɢ ᴛᴏ ᴏɴᴇ ᴇsᴛɪᴍᴀᴛᴇ ɪɴ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ᴏᴠᴇʀ 60 ᴘᴇʀ ᴄᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ sᴘɪɴᴅʟᴇs ᴀʀᴇ ᴍᴏʀᴇ ᴛʜᴀɴ 25 ʏᴇᴀʀs ᴏʟᴅ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴀᴜᴛᴏᴍᴀᴛɪᴄ ʟᴏᴏᴍs ᴀᴄᴄᴏᴜɴᴛ ғᴏʀ ᴏɴʟʏ 18 ᴘᴇʀ ᴄᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛᴏᴛᴀʟ ɴᴜᴍʙᴇʀ ᴏғ ʟᴏᴏᴍs ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀʏ ᴀɢᴀɪɴsᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡᴏʀʟᴅ ᴀᴠᴇʀᴀɢᴇ ᴏғ 62 ᴘᴇʀ ᴄᴇɴᴛ ᴀɴᴅ 100 ᴘᴇʀ ᴄᴇɴᴛ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴜɴɪᴛᴇᴅ sᴛᴀᴛᴇs. ᴏʙsᴏʟᴇᴛᴇ ᴍᴀᴄʜɪɴᴇʀʏ ʟᴇᴀᴅs ᴛᴏ ʟᴏᴡ ᴏᴜᴛᴘᴜᴛ ᴀɴᴅ ᴘᴏᴏʀ ǫᴜᴀʟɪᴛʏ ᴏғ ɢᴏᴏᴅs ᴀs ᴀ ʀᴇsᴜʟᴛ ᴏғ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ɪɴᴅɪᴀɴ ᴛᴇxᴛɪʟᴇ ɢᴏᴏᴅs ᴀʀᴇ ɴᴏᴛ ᴀʙʟᴇ ᴛᴏ ғᴀᴄᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴇᴛɪᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴᴛᴇʀɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴍᴀʀᴋᴇᴛ.
(ᴄ) ᴘᴏᴡᴇʀ sʜᴏʀᴛᴀɢᴇ-ᴛᴇxᴛɪʟᴇ ᴍɪʟʟs ᴀʀᴇ ғᴀᴄɪɴɢ ᴀᴄᴜᴛᴇ sʜᴏʀᴛᴀɢᴇ ᴏғ ᴘᴏᴡᴇʀ. sᴜᴘᴘʟɪᴇs ᴏғ ᴄᴏᴀʟ ᴀʀᴇ ᴅɪғғɪᴄᴜʟᴛ ᴛᴏ ᴏʙᴛᴀɪɴ ᴀɴᴅ ғʀᴇǫᴜᴇɴᴛ ᴄᴜᴛs ɪɴ ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀɪᴄɪᴛʏ ᴀɴᴅ ʟᴏᴀᴅ sʜᴇᴅᴅɪɴɢ ᴀғғᴇᴄᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴᴅᴜsᴛʀʏ ʙᴀᴅʟʏ. ᴛʜɪs ʟᴇᴀᴅs ᴛᴏ ʟᴏss ᴏғ ᴍᴀɴ ʜᴏᴜʀs, ʟᴏᴡ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀɴᴅ ʟᴏss ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍɪʟʟs.
(ᴅ) ʟᴏᴡ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛʏ ᴏғ ʟᴀʙᴏᴜʀ-ʟᴏᴡ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛʏ ɪs ᴀɴᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ᴍᴀᴊᴏʀ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍ ᴏғ ᴄᴏᴛᴛᴏɴ ᴛᴇxᴛɪʟᴇ ɪɴᴅᴜsᴛʀʏ. ᴏɴ ᴀɴ ᴀᴠᴇʀᴀɢᴇ ᴀɴ ɪɴᴅɪᴀɴ ғᴀᴄᴛᴏʀʏ ᴡᴏʀᴋᴇʀ ᴏɴʟʏ ʜᴀɴᴅʟᴇs 380 sᴘɪɴᴅʟᴇs ᴀɴᴅ 2 ʟᴏᴏᴍs ᴀs ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴀʀᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ 1,500-2,000 sᴘɪɴᴅʟᴇs ᴀɴᴅ 30 ʟᴏᴏᴍs ɪɴ ᴊᴀᴘᴀɴ. ɪғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛʏ ᴏғ ᴀɴ ᴀᴍᴇʀɪᴄᴀɴ ᴡᴏʀᴋᴇʀ ɪs ᴛᴀᴋᴇɴ ᴀs 100, ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏʀʀᴇsᴘᴏɴᴅɪɴɢ ғɪɢᴜʀᴇ ғᴏʀ ᴜ.ᴋ. ɪs 51 ᴀɴᴅ ғᴏʀ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ᴏɴʟʏ 13. ᴀʟsᴏ ɪɴᴅᴜsᴛʀɪᴀʟ ʀᴇʟᴀᴛɪᴏɴs ᴀʀᴇ ɴᴏᴛ ᴠᴇʀʏ ɢᴏᴏᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀʏ. sᴛʀɪᴋᴇs, ʟᴀʏᴏғғs, ʀᴇᴛʀᴇɴᴄʜᴍᴇɴᴛs ᴀʀᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴏɴ ғᴇᴀᴛᴜʀᴇs ᴏғ ᴍᴀɴʏ ᴄᴏᴛᴛᴏɴ ᴍɪʟʟs ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀʏ.
(ᴇ) ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴇᴛɪᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴ ғᴏʀᴇɪɢɴ ᴍᴀʀᴋᴇᴛ-ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴᴅɪᴀɴ ᴄᴏᴛᴛᴏɴ ᴛᴇxᴛɪʟᴇ ɢᴏᴏᴅs ᴀʀᴇ ғᴀᴄɪɴɢ sᴛɪғғ ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴇᴛɪᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴ ғᴏʀᴇɪɢɴ ᴍᴀʀᴋᴇᴛs ғʀᴏᴍ ᴛᴀɪᴡᴀɴ, sᴏᴜᴛʜ ᴋᴏʀᴇᴀ ᴀɴᴅ ᴊᴀᴘᴀɴ ᴡʜᴏsᴇ ɢᴏᴏᴅs ᴀʀᴇ ᴄʜᴇᴀᴘᴇʀ ᴀɴᴅ ʙᴇᴛᴛᴇʀ ɪɴ ǫᴜᴀʟɪᴛʏ. ɪᴛ ɪs ʀᴇᴀʟʟʏ ᴘᴀʀᴀᴅᴏxɪᴄᴀʟ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪɴ ᴀ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀʏ ᴡʜᴇʀᴇ ᴡᴀɢᴇs ᴀʀᴇ ʟᴏᴡ ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴏᴛᴛᴏɴ ɪs ɪɴᴛᴇʀɴᴀʟʟʏ ᴀᴠᴀɪʟᴀʙʟᴇ, ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴄᴏsᴛs sʜᴏᴜʟᴅ ʙᴇ sᴏ ʜɪɢʜ.ᴡʜɪʟᴇ ᴄᴇʀᴛᴀɪɴ ᴛʀᴀᴅɪᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ʙᴜʏᴇʀs ᴏғ ɪɴᴅɪᴀɴ ᴛᴇxᴛɪʟᴇ ɢᴏᴏᴅs ʟɪᴋᴇ ᴍʏᴀɴᴍᴀʀ, ɪɴᴅᴏɴᴇsɪᴀ, sʀɪ ʟᴀɴᴋᴀ, ᴇᴛʜɪᴏᴘɪᴀ, ᴀᴅᴇɴ ᴇᴛᴄ. ᴀʀᴇ ғᴀᴄɪɴɢ sᴇᴠᴇʀᴇ ʙᴀʟᴀɴᴄᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʀᴀᴅᴇ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍ sᴏᴍᴇ ᴇᴜʀᴏᴘᴇᴀɴ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀɪᴇs ʟɪᴋᴇ ғʀᴀɴᴄᴇ, ɢᴇʀᴍᴀɴʏ, ᴜ.ᴋ. ᴀɴᴅ ᴀᴜsᴛʀɪᴀ ᴇᴛᴄ. ʜᴀᴠᴇ ɪᴍᴘᴏsᴇᴅ ǫᴜᴏᴛᴀ ʟɪᴍɪᴛᴀᴛɪᴏɴs ᴏᴠᴇʀ ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴᴅɪᴀɴ ᴛᴇxᴛɪʟᴇ ɪᴍᴘᴏʀᴛs. ᴀᴄᴜᴛᴇ ᴡᴏʀʟᴅ ʀᴇᴄᴇssɪᴏɴ ʜᴀs ʙᴀᴅʟʏ ᴀғғᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇxᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴘʀᴏsᴘᴇᴄᴛs.
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