What are the salient features of the hunter commission 1882?
Answers
Explanation:
INTRODUCTION TO HUNTER COMMISSION - 1882
UNIT STRUCTURE
1. Learning Objectives
2. Introduction
3. Hunter Commission of 1882
1. Aims and Objectives of the Commission
2. Its Recommendations on Primary Education
3. Its Recommendations on Secondary Education
4. Assessment of the Recommendations of the Commission
4. Let Us Sum Up
5. Further Readings
6. Answers to Check Your Progress
7. Possible Questions
8. References
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After going through this unit, you will be able to:
Explain the reasons for the appointment of the Hunter Commission.
State the name of the Chairman and other members of the Commission.
Explain the aims and objectives of the Commission.
Discuss its important recommendations on primary education.
Discuss its recommendations on secondary education.
List the effects of the recommendations on the development of Primary and Secondary education.
INTRODUCTION
The present educational system in India is not created in one day. It is the result of the introduction of changes and modifications in the system for a long period of time. This unit will help us to understand the conditions of Primary and Secondary education in India after Wood’s Despatch of 1854. Wood’s Despatch has been discussed in Unit2. Hunter commission made a thorough enquiry on the present condition of primary and secondary education in India. Based on the findings of its enquiry the commission made valuable recommendations to improve the conditions of primary and secondary education in India
HUNTER COMMISSION OF 1882
The administration of India by East India Company came to an end in 1857. As a result of the first struggle for independence by Indians in 1857,the power of administration was transferred from the East India Company to the British Crown. The Queen’s proclamation of 1858 advocated a policy of strict religious neutrality. It was because of the Goverment policy of religious neutrality the missionaries were greatly disappointed .After the transfer of administrative power from the East India Company, it was considered necessary to assess the development of education in the country. It was felt that the grant -in-aid system as suggested by Wood’s Despatch was not properly carried out. Because of all these reasons, the missionaries started an agitation and formed an organization in London which was known as the “General Council of Education in India”. When Lord Ripon was appointed the viceroy of India, a deputation of the General Council of Education requested him to institute an enquiry into Indian Education.
Lord Ripon appointed the first Indian Education Commission on 3rd February 1882. Sir Willium Hunter (a member of viceroy’s Executive Council) was appointed as the chairman of the commission. The commission was popularly known as Hunter Commission after the name of its chairman. Besides the chairman, the commission consisted of 20 other members. There was a good representation of missionaries and Indians in the commission. Among the Indian members were Sayed Mahmud, Bhudev Mukherjee, Anand Mohan Bose and K.T.Telang.
LET US KNOW
As a result of the first struggle for Independence by Indians in 1857,the power of administration was transferred from the East India Company to the Crown.
The Queen’s Proclamation of 1858 advocated a policy of strict religious neutrality.
The missionaries were greatly disappointed with the Government policy for religious neutrality and started an agitation and formed the “General Council of Education in India” in London.
The General Council of Education requested Lord Ripon, the viceroy of India to institute an enquiry into Indian education.
Lord Ripon appointed the Indian Education Commission on 3rd February 1882, with Sir Willium Hunter as its Chairman. It is known as Hunter Commission of 1882.
On 3 February 1882, the Governor General of India at the time created the Hunter Commission in 1882. Presided by Sir William Hunter, an Indian Civil Service officer and a member of the Executive Council of the Viceroy.
Explanation:
The salient features of the Hunter Comission 1882 were
- Literate applicants for government positions at a lower level were favoured alongside the growth of primary schools in backward districts.
- The local self government Act tasked the district and municipal boards with the administration of primary education. The funds were divided for rural and urban areas in order to prevent the misappropriation of funds earmarked for rural schools.
- Private parties will set up secondary schools with government support. The government had to open model schools to lead these private schools in each area.
- The curriculum of secondary school was revised with vocational and academic courses diversified into various branches.
- Mission schools were prohibited and Indians were encouraged by the Raj to enroll in the private school system. The advancement of schooling for girls and women was handled with special care.
While the bulk of these reforms were significant, these improvements were confined only to schools adopting the British Indian Government structure. The government's schooling was over-loaded mainstream colleges, leading to structural challenges in primary education, which still impact the society today, because the shortage of support and participation had forced the schools to fail.