Question

What are the thin fibers of the human nervous system that send messages between different parts of the body?

Answer 1

ＮＥＵＲＯＮ

Also called nerve fibres

Neuron →It is structural and functional unit of nervous system.

→The nervous system is concerned with receiving stimuli from external or internal environment of the body, interpreting the stimuli and producing the appropriate response to these stimuli. To achieve this highly specialized cells called neurons are present.

A neuron has two parts :-

1) Cyton or cell body →contains a central nucleus and cytoplasm with deeply stained particles called Nissl's granules.

2) Cell process.

These are of two types.
A) Dendrites → they receive impulse from sceptre and send it towards cyton.

B) Axon → Conducts impulse away from cyron to other neurons

Answer 2

Messages travel back and forth between brain and other parts of the body in the form of ELECTRICAL IMPULSES with the help of special cell called 'NEURON'.

In human Brain, there are 100 billion neurons.

A Neuron has following parts :

1. Cell body

2. Dendrites

3. Axon

4. Myelin sheath

Cell body function is to direct all activities of the Neurons.

Dendrites receive messages from other nerve cells (or neurons). These dendrites are actually extended from the cell body of a neuron.

Axon is a long single fibre that transmits messages from the cell body to the dendrites of other neurons

Myelin sheath is a protective layer that is used to cover neurons. It insulates axon and also make nerve signals i. e., impulses travel faster and farther.

The transfer of information takes place from neuron to neuron with help of chemical substances that are releases into the space between the axon and dendrites. This process is called 'NEUROTRANSMISSION' and the chemical substances are called 'NEUROTRANSMITTERS'.

Receptors receive and process the message. These receptors are located on the dendrites.

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