Question

what are the two phases in the life cycles of moss and fern? How do they differ from each other?
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Answer 1

Answer:

~~~~LIFE CYCLE OF MOSSES:

Mosses alternate between a haploid (n) gametophyte stage & a diploid (2n) sporophyte stage

• Gametophyte is the dominant generation

~~The haploid gametophyte stage contains half the chromosome number & produces gametes (egg & sperm)

• Gametophyte stage is dominant in the moss's life cycle

• Gametophytes are photosynthetic & have root-like rhizoids

• The diploid sporophyte has a complete set of chromosomes & produces spores by meiosis

• Sporophyte of a moss is smaller than, & attached to the Gametophyte

• Sporophytes lack chlorophyll & depend on the photosynthetic gametophyte for food

• Sporophyte has a long, slender stalk topped with a capsule

• Capsule forms haploid (n) spores

~~Fern Life Cycle:

• Spores produced on underside of fronds in clusters of sporangia called sori

• Spores undergo meiosis, are spread by wind, & germinate on moist soil to form prothallus

• Prothallus begins the Gametophyte stage

• Mature Gametophytes are small, heart-shaped structures that live only a short time

• Male antheridia & female archegonia grow on the prothalli

• Sperm must swim to the egg to fertilize it & developing embryo becomes the Sporophyte generation

• Newly forming fronds are called fiddleheads & uncurl.