Question

what are the types of comet and on what basis are they classified

Answer 1

The classification of comets is an ongoing process. Comets can be distinguished by their orbits, which vary wildly. A comet can be either a long-period comet or a short-period comet, depending on whether its orbit is shorter than 200 years. Long-period comets are on paths that take them out past the solar system's planets before they return.
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Answer 2

Types of Comets

Explanation:

Comets are classified into four major types – periodic, non-periodic, non-meaningful orbit comets, lost comets

Based on orbitals:

• Periodic comets are those with periodic orbit and orbitals less than 200 years. Ex., Haley, Brorsen
• Periodic comets are divided into long and short period comets. The long period comets are still divided into parabolic orbit and hyperbolic orbit comet.

• Non-periodic comets are periodic orbitals of more than 1000 years like Comet Hale-Bopp. These are divided into ejection-trajectory and near-parabolic comets.  
• The Great Comet of 1106 is a comet with no-meaningful orbit
• Based on perihelion distances: Sungrazing comets, which are divided into various groups like kreutz, Meyer, Kracht etc.
• Lost comets include which are lost after discovery like Brorsen comet