what are the various steps taken by the government to help the manual scavenging
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Answer: Manual scavenging is a term used mainly in India for "manually cleaning, carrying, disposing of, or otherwise handling, human excreta in an insanitary latrine or in an open drain or pit". Manual scavengers usually use hand tools such as buckets, brooms and shovels. The work is regarded as a caste-based, dehumanizing practice. The workers have to move the excreta, using brooms and tin plates, into baskets, which they carry to disposal locations sometimes several kilometers away. These sanitation workers, called "manual scavengers", rarely have any personal protective equipment. The term Manual scavenging differs from the stand alone term 'Scavenging which refers to the act of sorting though and picking from discarded waste In Gaborone, Botswana, as in other large cities in the developing world, members of the community try to make a living by engaging in landfill scavenging. Scavenging is one of the oldest economic activities. The quantities of waste generated and the materials contained in trash are different in different parts of the world, and change over time. Scavengers usually collect from the streets ,dumpsites, or landfills. They collect re-usable and recyclable material that can be included into the economy's production process.
The employment of manual scavengers to empty a certain type of dry toilet that requires manual daily emptying was prohibited in India in 1993. The law was extended and clarified to include insanitary latrines, ditches and pits in 2013.
In 2014, manual scavenging was most prevalent in the states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan.
The occupation of sanitation work is intrinsically integrated with caste in India: It is mainly the Dalits in India who work as sanitation workers - as manual scavengers, cleaners of drains, as garbage collectors and sweepers of roads. It was estimated in 2019 that between 40 to 60 per cent of the 6 million households of Dalit sub-castes are engaged in sanitation work. The most common Dalit caste performing sanitation work is the Valmiki (also Balmiki) caste.
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