What are the varipus process involved waste water treartment to make it potable
Answers
Waste water treatment is the process of treatment of waste water or the water that is no longer suitable for use into water that can be released back in environment.
There are two types of waste water treatment plants:
(1) Chemical or physical
(2) Biological
Biological treatment process is ideal for household and business premises use.
Physical or chemical process is used for treatment of water from industries, manufacturing firms and factories.
Steps involved in the process of waste water treatment are:
● Wastewater collection: The very first step is collection of wastewater from the houses and business premises. This water is collected and directed to a central point and is sent to a treatment plant.
● Odor control: The wastewater collected contains every type of substance and smells too. The foul smell is treated and neutralised by adding chemicals.
● Screening: This step involves the removal of large objects from the waste water such as plastic, cotton buds, diapers, etc.
● Primary treatment: This process involves seperation of Macrobiotic substances. The water is transferred into a tank and the large materials that settle down are removed by the scrappers and water is sent for secondary treatment.
● Secondary treatment: This step is known as Activated Sludge process. Seed sludge is added to water in order to break it down further. Water is passed in aeration tank to incorporate oxygen in water to increase the growth of bacteria in it.
● Bio-solids handling: The solid matter settled during primary and secondary treatment are sent into digesters where they undergo anaerobic digestion for a month.
● Tertiary treatment: This step removes upto 99% of impurities from water. This produces effluent water which is near to drinking water quality.
● Disinfectant: There are still few disease causing organisms left in the water which are treated by adding the water to tanks containing chlorine and sodium hypochlorite.
● Sludge Treatment: The sludge collected is sent into settling tanks where the sludge settles and any amount of remaining water is sent to aeration tanks making the sludge thick.