Question

What changes have taken place in the nature of political parties of India?

Answer 1

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Three major phases that have marked the changing nature of political parties in India are:

• The single dominant party system.
• The challenge to the Single dominant party system.
• The Coalition Government.

Answer 2

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Three major phases that have marked the changing nature of political parties in India are:

1. The single dominant party system

After independence, Congress was the single most powerful political party in the country. It had government both the center and most regional states for a long time.

2. The challenge to the Single dominant party system

In 1977, in the spirit of democracy, the non-Congress parties come together to challenge the single-party dominance. Congress lost elections at the center owing to the anti-decentralization policies of Indira Gandhi followed during the emergency years (1975-77) and various regional parties took this opportunity to mark their foothold in regional politics.

3. The Coalition Government

After the 1989 General Elections, no single party could achieve a defining major to form the government at the centre. Hence, different parties came together to form coalition governments. Contrary to popular belief, the coalition system of government has been a successful practice in India. Owing to the multiple stakeholders in the government, the decision-making process has been gradual but it is important to note that various regional concerns have found a voice at the national stage, thus strengthening the democracy.

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