Question

what changes were introduced in the British administration after the freedom struggle of 1857

Answer 1

These were the major administrative changes that were introduced after the revolt of 1857 :

1.East India Company was dissolved and the power was transferred to the British Crown. Queen Victoria assumed the title of ‘Empress of India
2.A new British government department , the ‘India Office’ was created to handle the administration of the country and its head the Secretary of State of India was entrusted with formulating foreign policy.
3.The Governor General of India got a new title, ‘Viceroy of India’ and implemented policies devised by the India office
4.The viceroy stopped land grabs, ordered religious tolerance and admitted Indians into civil service, although mainly as subordinates. 5.Indian Universities Act was passed which saw the founding of universities at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras
6.Lord Ripon introduced the Ilbert bill which could abolish racism in Indian courts at that time and give Indian judges a chance for trial of white people but it was criticized and outright rejected.
7.The army underwent a make over with the ratio of British to Indian soldiers being increased.
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Answer 2

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British territories were divided into administrative units called Presidencies such as Bengal, Madras and Bombay.

➡Each presidency was ruled by a governor.

➡Governor General was the supreme head of the administration.

➡Each district had civil court (Diwani Adalat) and criminal court (Faujdar Adalat)

➡A supreme court was established under the regulating Act of 1773 and a court of appeal (Sadar Nizamat Adalat)