What do you assume when an electron enters in 1s 2s 2p orbitals after that it doesnot enter 3s orbital. it enters into 3p orbital, what happens?
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Generations of teachers are misleading their charges by teaching a sloppy version of the aufbau principle, claims Eric Scerri
The use of the aufbau principle to predict electronic configurations of atoms, and therefore explain the layout of the periodic table, is a key point when teaching chemistry. However, the version of this method that has been taught to generations of students is actually deeply flawed. The error is rather subtle and may well have arisen from an attempt to simplify matters.
Starting at the beginning
The aufbau method was initially proposed by the Danish physicist Niels Bohr, who was the first person to use quantum mechanics to study atomic structure. He was also one of the first to fundamentally explain the periodic table in terms of arrangements of electrons (electronic configurations). Bohr proposed that the atoms of the periodic table can be thought of as being progressively built up one electron at a time: starting from the simplest atom of all, hydrogen with just one electron, moving onto helium with two electrons, lithium with three, all the way to uranium – which at that time (1913) was the heaviest known atom – with 92 electrons.
The next ingredient is a knowledge of the atomic orbitals into which the electrons are progressively placed. These orbitals, at least in their simplest form, nowadays come from solving the Schrödinger equation for the hydrogen atom.
The use of the aufbau principle to predict electronic configurations of atoms, and therefore explain the layout of the periodic table, is a key point when teaching chemistry. However, the version of this method that has been taught to generations of students is actually deeply flawed. The error is rather subtle and may well have arisen from an attempt to simplify matters.
Starting at the beginning
The aufbau method was initially proposed by the Danish physicist Niels Bohr, who was the first person to use quantum mechanics to study atomic structure. He was also one of the first to fundamentally explain the periodic table in terms of arrangements of electrons (electronic configurations). Bohr proposed that the atoms of the periodic table can be thought of as being progressively built up one electron at a time: starting from the simplest atom of all, hydrogen with just one electron, moving onto helium with two electrons, lithium with three, all the way to uranium – which at that time (1913) was the heaviest known atom – with 92 electrons.
The next ingredient is a knowledge of the atomic orbitals into which the electrons are progressively placed. These orbitals, at least in their simplest form, nowadays come from solving the Schrödinger equation for the hydrogen atom.
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