what do you mean by Biot-Squart law?? explain with diagram.
Answers
Answer:
Biot- Savart Law:
- Biot-Savart law gives relation between current and magnetic field.
- It relates the magnetic field to the magnitude, direction, length, and proximity of the electric current.
Explanation:
Biot-Savart Law
A small current carrying conductor of length dl, carrying a current I is an elementary source of magnetic field. The force on another similar conductor can be expressed conveniently in terms of magnetic field dB due to the first. The dependence of magnetic field dB on the current I, on size and orientation of the length element dl and on distance r was first guessed by Biot and Savart.
Mathematical Representation
The Biot-Savart’s law gives the magnetic field produced due to a current carrying segment. This segment is taken as a vector quantity known as the current element.
Consider a wire carrying a current I in a specific direction as shown in the figure. Take a small element of the wire of length dl. The direction of this element is along that of the current so that it forms a vector Idl. If we want to know the magnetic field produced at a point due to this small element, then we can use the Biot-Savart’s Law.
The magnitude of the magnetic field dB at a distance r from a current carrying element dl is found to be proportional to I and to the length dl. And is inversely proportional to the square of the distance |r|. The direction of the Magnetic Field is perpendicular to the line element dl as well as radius r.
Thus the vector notation is given as, dB α Idl × r / r3 = (μ0 / 4π ) × (Idl × r / r3),where μ0/4π is a constant of proportionality. The above expression holds when the medium is a vacuum. Therefore the magnitude of this field is:
|dB| = (μ0 / 4π) × (Idl sinθ / r2)
