What does a dot to the right of a chemical symbol mean?
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In summary, when a dot is used to break a formula into subunits, it may signify ignorance of how the subunits are structurally related, as in our inorganic example; or it may correspond to actual significant structural subunits, as in our organic example; or it may represent the combining ratios of the binary starting materials required for the synthesis of the compound, as in our phase diagram example.
As a result, for example in direct addition reactions, where there is ignorance about the structural relation of the compounds, we use a dot.
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