Question

What happen when Benzene is treated with Conc. HNO3 and Conc. H2SO4​

Answer 1

Your answer is in the attachment.

On reaction with concentrated Nitric Acid, Benzene gets converted into nitrobenzene. This phenomena is usually known as nitration of benzene.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

Nitrobenzene is a pretty inert compound. (Remember that is prepared by treating benzene with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids.). However under forcing conditions in sulfuric acid, it can undergo a sulfonation reaction (especially if the sulfuric acid contains excess SO3.). Since the nitro group is a “metal director”, the product of the sulfonation will be 3-nitrobenzene sulfonic acid.