What happen when Benzene is treated with Conc. HNO3 and Conc. H2SO4
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On reaction with concentrated Nitric Acid, Benzene gets converted into nitrobenzene. This phenomena is usually known as nitration of benzene.
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Explanation:
Nitrobenzene is a pretty inert compound. (Remember that is prepared by treating benzene with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids.). However under forcing conditions in sulfuric acid, it can undergo a sulfonation reaction (especially if the sulfuric acid contains excess SO3.). Since the nitro group is a “metal director”, the product of the sulfonation will be 3-nitrobenzene sulfonic acid.
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