what happens methylene Blue is not used
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Methylene blue, also known as methylthioninium chloride, is a salt used as a medication and dye.[4] As a medication, it is mainly used to treat methemoglobinemia.[4][2] Specifically, it is used to treat methemoglobin levels that are greater than 30% or in which there are symptoms despite oxygen therapy.[2] It has previously been used for cyanide poisoning and urinary tract infections, but this use is no longer recommended.[4] It is typically given by injection into a vein.[4]Common side effects include headache, vomiting, confusion, shortness of breath, and high blood pressure.[4] Other side effects include serotonin syndrome, red blood cell breakdown, and allergic reactions.[4] Use often turns the urine, sweat, and stool blue to green in color.[2] While use during pregnancy may harm the baby, not using it in methemoglobinemia is likely more dangerous.[4][2] Methylene blue is a thiazine dye.[4] It works by converting the ferric iron in hemoglobin to ferrous iron.[2]
Methylene blue was first prepared in 1876, by Heinrich Caro.[5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[6]
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